Bureau of Communicable Disease Control, New York State Department of Health, USA.
J Public Health Manag Pract. 2011 Jan-Feb;17(1):12-9. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3181fb0050.
To better understand the severity of 2009 H1N1 influenza disease, enhanced surveillance of patients hospitalized with influenza was conducted during the 2009-2010 influenza season in New York State through existing Emerging Infections Program surveillance and a newly established sentinel hospital surveillance program. The 2 surveillance systems were compared to determine consistency across surveillance modalities and reveal the strengths and weaknesses of each to accomplish comprehensive influenza surveillance.
Similar variables from the aggregate data collected from each system were compared and differences were analyzed in detail.
New York State.
Hospitalized adult and pediatric patients detected through 2 influenza surveillance programs.
Significant differences in age distribution, timing of illness onset, illness complications, underlying medical conditions, critical care admissions, use of mechanical ventilation, and illness outcomes.
Both surveillance systems saw the highest numbers of confirmed influenza infection among patients hospitalized in early fall 2009, with sharp declines thereafter. Sentinel hospital surveillance continued to detect hospitalizations for influenza-like illness that were not due to 2009 H1N1 influenza well into March 2010. Compared to influenza surveillance conducted through the Emerging Infections Program, the sentinel hospital influenza surveillance program tended to detect a sicker population of children and adults, including a higher rate of critical illness and mechanical ventilation, and among adults, higher rates of some underlying medical conditions. There were no differences in disease outcomes detected between the 2 systems.
Although the 2 surveillance systems were complementary, inherent methodologic variations revealed important differences at season conclusion. The lessons learned should be used to determine the best way to allocate resources to meet the needs of future state and national influenza surveillance efforts.
为了更好地了解 2009 年 H1N1 流感疾病的严重程度，在 2009-2010 年流感季节，通过现有的新发传染病监测计划和新设立的哨点医院监测计划，对纽约州因流感住院的患者进行了强化监测。对这两种监测系统进行了比较，以确定监测模式之间的一致性，并揭示每种监测系统的优势和劣势，以实现全面的流感监测。
比较从每个系统收集的综合数据中提取的相似变量，并详细分析差异。
纽约州。
通过两种流感监测计划发现的住院成年和儿科患者。
年龄分布、发病时间、疾病并发症、潜在医疗条件、重症监护病房入院、机械通气使用和疾病结局方面的显著差异。
两个监测系统都在 2009 年秋季初发现了最多数量的确诊流感感染患者，此后急剧下降。哨点医院监测系统继续发现流感样疾病住院病例，这些病例并非由 2009 年 H1N1 流感引起，一直持续到 2010 年 3 月。与通过新发传染病监测计划进行的流感监测相比，哨点医院流感监测计划往往能发现病情更严重的儿童和成人患者，包括更高的重症和机械通气率，以及成人中某些潜在医疗条件的更高发病率。两种监测系统都没有发现疾病结局方面的差异。
尽管这两种监测系统具有互补性，但固有方法学差异在季节结束时揭示了重要差异。应该利用这些经验教训来确定如何最佳分配资源，以满足未来州和国家流感监测工作的需求。
