Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1, Canada.
Pediatr Res. 2011 Mar;69(3):206-11. doi: 10.1203/PDR.0b013e3182096ff0.
Upon ingestion, probiotics may act to protect the host through a number of protective mechanisms including modulation of genes involved in intestinal innate mucosal defense such as epithelial cell-derived mucin glycoproteins and inhibitor of apoptosis proteins. To determine the specificity of effect and sustainability of response in vivo, Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (Lp299v), Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 (LrR0011), and Bifidobacterium bifidum R0071 (BbR0071) were added repeatedly or intermittently to the drinking water of Sprague-Dawley rats. After killing the rats via CO2 suffocation, Muc2, Muc3, neuronal apoptosis inhibitor protein (NAIP), human inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1/cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 2 (HIAP1/cIAP2), and human inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2/cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 1 (HIAP2/cIAP1) mRNA and protein levels were analyzed via RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Live Lp299v, BbR0071, and LrR0011 increased Muc3 protein and mRNA expression in jejunum and ileum. Heat-killed and a nonadherent derivative of Lp299v failed to induce Muc3 expression. Lp299v did induce expression of HIAP2/cIAP1 and NAIP expression. Muc3 mucin expression was elevated for 5 d after oral administration of Lp299v; however, this effect was not sustained despite ongoing daily ingestion of a probiotic. Intermittent pulse ingestion of probiotics, however, was found to repeatedly increase Muc3 expression. We conclude that selected probiotics can induce protective genes of mucosal intestinal epithelial cells, an effect that is reproducible with pulse probiotic administration.
摄入益生菌后，它们可能通过多种保护机制来保护宿主，包括调节与肠道先天黏膜防御相关的基因，如上皮细胞衍生的粘蛋白糖蛋白和凋亡蛋白抑制剂。为了确定体内效应的特异性和反应的可持续性，将植物乳杆菌 299v（Lp299v）、鼠李糖乳杆菌 R0011（LrR0011）和双歧杆菌 R0071（BbR0071）反复或间歇添加到 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠的饮用水中。通过 CO2 窒息杀死大鼠后，通过 RT-PCR 和免疫组织化学分析 Muc2、Muc3、神经元凋亡抑制剂蛋白（NAIP）、人凋亡抑制剂蛋白 1/细胞凋亡抑制剂 2（HIAP1/cIAP2）和人凋亡抑制剂蛋白 2/细胞凋亡抑制剂 1（HIAP2/cIAP1）的 mRNA 和蛋白水平。活的 Lp299v、BbR0071 和 LrR0011 增加了空肠和回肠的 Muc3 蛋白和 mRNA 表达。热灭活和非粘附衍生的 Lp299v 未能诱导 Muc3 表达。Lp299v 确实诱导了 HIAP2/cIAP1 和 NAIP 表达。口服 Lp299v 后 5 天，Muc3 粘蛋白表达升高；然而，尽管持续每天摄入益生菌，这种效果并没有持续。然而，间歇性脉冲摄入益生菌被发现可以反复增加 Muc3 的表达。我们得出结论，选定的益生菌可以诱导肠道黏膜上皮细胞的保护性基因，这种效应可以通过脉冲益生菌给药重现。
