Lynam D R, Pfeifer G D, Fort B F, Gelbcke A A
Health and Environment Department, Ethyl Corporation, Baton Rouge, LA 70801.
Sci Total Environ. 1990 Apr;93:107-14. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(90)90098-f.
Methylcyclopentadienyl Manganese Tricarbonyl (MMT) has been shown to be an effective octane enhancer in gasoline. It is presently used in the U.S. in leaded gasoline and in Canada in both leaded and unleaded gasoline. Because MMT has a low vapor pressure and a short half-life in sunlight, it is unlikely that significant concentrations of MMT could occur in the environment as a result of its use as a gasoline additive. Greater than 99.9% of the manganese from MMT is converted into inorganic oxides of manganese during the combustion of MMT-containing gasoline. Authors of several health assessments on MMT concluded the increase in environmental levels of manganese oxides would be slight compared to the natural background levels of manganese and would present no health hazards. Studies showed that MMT usage had no effect on CO emissions, caused a slight decrease in NOx emissions, and a slight increase in HC emissions. MMT usage caused a decrease in NOx + HC emissions in one test and had no effect in another.
甲基环戊二烯三羰基锰（MMT）已被证明是一种有效的汽油辛烷值增强剂。目前它在美国用于含铅汽油，在加拿大则用于含铅和无铅汽油。由于MMT蒸气压低且在阳光下半衰期短，作为汽油添加剂使用时，环境中不太可能出现高浓度的MMT。含MMT汽油燃烧过程中，超过99.9%的MMT中的锰会转化为锰的无机氧化物。多项MMT健康评估的作者得出结论，与锰的自然背景水平相比，环境中锰氧化物水平的增加将很轻微，不会造成健康危害。研究表明，使用MMT对一氧化碳排放没有影响，氮氧化物排放略有下降，碳氢化合物排放略有增加。在一项测试中，使用MMT导致氮氧化物+碳氢化合物排放减少，而在另一项测试中则没有影响。
