Department of Plant Biology, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2011 Jan 15;409(4):835-43. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.10.048. Epub 2010 Dec 8.
Fungal spores are of great interest in aerobiology and allergy due to their high incidence in both outdoor and indoor environments and their widely recognized ability to cause respiratory diseases and other pathologies. In this work, we study the spore content of the atmosphere of the Cave of Nerja, a karstic cavity and an important tourist attraction situated on the eastern coast of Malaga (southern Spain), which receives more than half a million visitors every year. This study was carried out over an uninterrupted period of 4 years (2002-2005) with the aid of two Hirst-type volumetric pollen traps (Lanzoni VPPS 2000) situated in different halls of the cave. In the atmosphere of the Cave of Nerja, 72 different spore types were detected during the studied period and daily mean concentrations of up to 282,195 spores/m(3) were reached. Thirty-five of the spore types detected are included within Ascomycota and Basidiomycota (19 and 16 types, respectively). Of the remaining spore types, 32 were categorized within the group of so-called imperfect fungi, while Oomycota and Myxomycota were represented by 2 and 3 spore types, respectively. Aspergillus/Penicillium was the most abundant spore type with a yearly mean percentage that represented 50% of the total, followed by Cladosporium. Finally, the origin of the fungal spores found inside the cave is discussed on the basis of the indoor/outdoor concentrations and the seasonal behaviour observed.
真菌孢子在气生物学和过敏学中具有重要的意义，因为它们在户外和室内环境中都有很高的发生率，并且被广泛认为能够引起呼吸道疾病和其他病理学问题。在这项工作中，我们研究了 Nerja 洞穴（马拉加（西班牙南部）东海岸的一个喀斯特洞穴和一个重要的旅游景点）大气中的孢子含量，该洞穴每年接待超过 50 万游客。这项研究在 4 年（2002-2005 年）的连续时间内进行，使用了两个位于洞穴不同大厅的 Hirst 型容量花粉陷阱（Lanzoni VPPS 2000）。在 Nerja 洞穴的大气中，在研究期间检测到了 72 种不同的孢子类型，每日平均浓度高达 282195 个孢子/立方米。在所检测到的孢子类型中，有 35 种属于子囊菌门和担子菌门（分别为 19 种和 16 种）。其余的孢子类型中，32 种被归类为所谓的不完全真菌，而卵菌门和粘菌门分别由 2 种和 3 种孢子类型代表。曲霉/青霉是最丰富的孢子类型，年平均百分比代表总数的 50%，其次是枝孢菌。最后，根据室内/室外浓度和观察到的季节性行为，讨论了洞穴内发现的真菌孢子的来源。
