Loyola University, New Orleans, USA.
J Music Ther. 2010 Summer;47(2):155-79. doi: 10.1093/jmt/47.2.155.
The purpose of this study was to examine possible relationships between personality, burnout level, longevity, and demographic variables among professional music therapists. The Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) were used to test personality and burnout. Subjects were 137 professional music therapists from all seven American Music Therapy Association (AMTA) regions with an overall average longevity of 17.85 years. The 16PF showed the personality traits that most describe music therapists are emotional sensitivity, reasoning, apprehension, warmth, openness to change, self-reliance, extraversion, anxiety, abstractedness, rule-consciousness, and self-control. Logistic regressions showed that the personality factor of anxiety (p < .007) significantly predicts the MBI-HSS subscale of emotional exhaustion and the personality factor of dominance (p < .01) significantly predicts the MBI-HSS subscale of personal accomplishment. While no personality factor significantly predicts the MBI-HSS subscales of depersonalization, social boldness (p < 0.07) and vigilance (p < .09) strongly contributed to this relationship. Logistic regressions also showed that highest degree earned is significantly (p < .000) predictive of longevity. Since the overall burnout level was in the average range, in essence this study described the profile of music therapists who are staying and thriving in the profession.
本研究旨在探讨人格特质、倦怠水平、寿命和人口统计学变量之间可能存在的关系，研究对象为来自美国音乐治疗协会（AMTA）七个地区的 137 名专业音乐治疗师，他们的平均从业年限为 17.85 年。16PF 人格问卷和 Maslach 职业倦怠量表（MBI-HSS）用于测试人格和倦怠水平。16PF 显示，最能描述音乐治疗师的人格特质是情绪敏感、推理、焦虑、热情、开放、自立、外向、焦虑、抽象思维、规则意识和自我控制。逻辑回归显示，焦虑人格因素（p<.007）显著预测 MBI-HSS 情绪衰竭子量表，支配人格因素（p<.01）显著预测 MBI-HSS 个人成就感子量表。虽然没有人格因素显著预测 MBI-HSS 的去人性化、社交大胆（p<.07）和警觉（p<.09）子量表，但这些因素对此关系有很大贡献。逻辑回归还显示，最高学位显著（p<.000）预测寿命。由于整体倦怠水平处于平均范围，因此本研究描述了那些在该职业中保持和茁壮成长的音乐治疗师的特征。
