Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at Technical University of Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, Dortmund D-44139, Germany.
J Appl Psychol. 2011 May;96(3):643-53. doi: 10.1037/a0022134.
In the present study, we examine interactive effects of emotional dissonance (ED) and self-control demands (SCDs; impulse control, resisting distractions, and overcoming inner resistances) on emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, depressive symptoms, and absenteeism. We derived the prediction of interactive effects from the well-founded theoretical argument that both sources of work stress draw on and compete for a common limited regulatory resource. On the basis of 2 German samples (1 cross-sectional and 1 longitudinal sample; NTOTAL = 367), 7 of the 8 interactions tested were found to explain significant proportions of variance in all 4 outcomes considered over and beyond that accounted for by demographic characteristics, outcome stability (longitudinal sample), and main effects. Consistent with our hypotheses, the positive relations of 1 of both stressors (ED or SCDs) to psychological strain and absenteeism were amplified as a function of the other stressor. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
在本研究中，我们考察了情绪不和谐（ED）和自我控制需求（SCD；冲动控制、抵制干扰和克服内在阻力）对情绪疲惫、去个性化、抑郁症状和缺勤的交互影响。我们从一个有充分依据的理论论点中得出了交互效应的预测，即这两个工作压力源都利用并竞争一个共同的有限调节资源。基于 2 个德国样本（1 个横断面和 1 个纵向样本；NTOTAL = 367），检验的 7 个交互作用中有 7 个被发现可以解释所考虑的所有 4 个结果的显著差异，而不仅仅是由人口统计学特征、结果稳定性（纵向样本）和主要效应所解释的差异。与我们的假设一致，这两个压力源（ED 或 SCD）中的 1 个与心理压力和缺勤之间的正相关关系随着另一个压力源的增加而放大。讨论了研究结果的理论和实践意义。
