Department of Histopathology, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK.
Histopathology. 2011 Jun;58(7):1001-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2010.03707.x. Epub 2010 Dec 10.
Immunohistochemistry in soft tissue tumours, and especially sarcomas, is used to identify differentiation in the neoplastic cells. In some cases, specific antigens are expressed; however, an initial panel of antibodies is often required in order to establish the broad lineage, with a subsequent, more focused, panel to allow classification. Immunohistochemical evaluation must be employed with the clinical picture, the morphology, and, when necessary, other ancillary techniques such as molecular genetics and cytogenetics. Whereas some diagnoses are evident on morphology, many soft tissue neoplasms are seen microscopically as spindle cell, epithelioid cell, small round cell or pleomorphic tumours that need to be further characterized. This article reviews selected applications of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of each of the principal morphological groups, concentrating on areas of most use in daily practice.
在软组织肿瘤中，尤其是肉瘤中，免疫组织化学用于鉴定肿瘤细胞的分化。在某些情况下，会表达特定的抗原；然而，通常需要一组初始抗体来确定广泛的谱系，然后使用更具针对性的后续抗体组来进行分类。免疫组织化学评估必须与临床情况、形态学以及在必要时的其他辅助技术（如分子遗传学和细胞遗传学）结合使用。虽然有些诊断仅凭形态学即可明确，但许多软组织肿瘤在显微镜下表现为梭形细胞、上皮样细胞、小圆细胞或多形性肿瘤，需要进一步进行特征描述。本文回顾了免疫组织化学在主要形态学组别的诊断中的一些应用，重点介绍了在日常实践中最常用的领域。
