School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, Berks RG6 6AL, UK.
Matern Child Nutr. 2011 Jan;7(1):48-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1740-8709.2009.00222.x.
In England, 78% of mothers initiate breastfeeding and, in the UK, less than 1% exclusively breastfeed until 6 months, despite World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations to do so. This study investigated women's infant feeding choices using in-depth interviews with 12 mothers of infants aged 7-18 weeks. Using content analysis, four themes emerged: (1) information, knowledge and decision making, (2) physical capability, (3) family and social influences, (4) lifestyle, independence and self-identity. While women were aware of the 'Breast is Best' message, some expressed distrust in this information if they had not been breastfed themselves. Women felt their own infant feeding choice was influenced by the perceived norm among family and friends. Women described how breastfeeding hindered their ability to retain their self-identities beyond motherhood as it limited their independence. Several second-time mothers felt they lacked support from health professionals when breastfeeding their second baby, even if they had previously encountered breastfeeding difficulties. The study indicates that experience of breastfeeding and belief in the health benefits associated with it are important factors for initiation of breastfeeding, while decreased independence and self-identity may influence duration of breastfeeding. Intervention and support schemes should tackle all mothers, not just first-time mothers.
在英国，78%的母亲会选择母乳喂养，但在英国，尽管世界卫生组织（WHO）建议母乳喂养至 6 个月，但只有不到 1%的母亲会选择纯母乳喂养。本研究通过对 12 名年龄在 7-18 周的婴儿的母亲进行深入访谈，调查了她们的婴儿喂养选择。使用内容分析法，得出了四个主题：（1）信息、知识和决策制定，（2）身体能力，（3）家庭和社会影响，（4）生活方式、独立性和自我认同。虽然女性了解“母乳喂养最好”的信息，但如果她们自己没有母乳喂养过，就会对这些信息表示不信任。女性觉得自己的婴儿喂养选择受到家庭和朋友中普遍看法的影响。女性描述了母乳喂养如何阻碍了她们在成为母亲后保持自我认同的能力，因为母乳喂养限制了她们的独立性。一些二胎母亲觉得她们在母乳喂养第二个孩子时缺乏来自卫生专业人员的支持，即使她们之前遇到过母乳喂养困难。这项研究表明，母乳喂养的经验和对其与健康相关的益处的信念是母乳喂养开始的重要因素，而独立性和自我认同的下降可能会影响母乳喂养的持续时间。干预和支持计划应该针对所有母亲，而不仅仅是初产妇。
