Ohashi K, Kato Y, Kanno J, Kasuga T
2nd Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol. 1990;417(2):137-43. doi: 10.1007/BF02190531.
Normal oesophagus specimens taken from 65 autopsy cases and surgical specimens from 127 oesophageal carcinoma cases were examined histopathologically to determine melanocyte incidence and distribution. Melanocytes were found in the epithelio-stromal junction in 7.7% of normal oesophagus specimens examined at autopsy, and in 29.9% of surgical cases with oesophageal carcinoma. Positive specimens in the latter groups, especially from pre-operatively irradiated individuals, showed a more remarkable increase of melanocytes than was evident in any of the normal oesophageal samples. There were no significant differences in incidence between males and females, or between age groups. In cases where the cancer invaded into deeper stroma, the melanocytes were mainly observed in the normal epithelium around the carcinomas. Epithelial and stromal elements of the melanotic mucosa commonly showed hyperplastic changes such as acanthosis or basal cell hyperplasia, and chronic oesophagitis. Melanocytes were observed most commonly in the lower part of the oesophagus, the site where malignant melanoma of the oesophagus, most often originates. These results strongly suggest that the melanocyte increase observed in areas of hyperplastic epithelium and chronic oesophagitis may play an important role as a precursor lesion for malignant melanoma in the oesophagus.
对取自65例尸检病例的正常食管标本以及127例食管癌手术标本进行组织病理学检查，以确定黑素细胞的发生率和分布情况。在尸检的正常食管标本中，7.7%在上皮-基质交界处发现有黑素细胞，而在食管癌手术病例中这一比例为29.9%。后一组的阳性标本，尤其是术前接受过放疗的个体，其黑素细胞的增加比任何正常食管样本都更为显著。男性和女性之间以及不同年龄组之间的发生率没有显著差异。在癌症侵犯到更深层基质的病例中，黑素细胞主要见于癌灶周围的正常上皮中。黑素沉着性黏膜的上皮和基质成分通常表现出增生性改变，如棘皮症或基底细胞增生，以及慢性食管炎。黑素细胞最常见于食管下部，这也是食管恶性黑色素瘤最常起源的部位。这些结果有力地表明，在增生性上皮和慢性食管炎区域观察到的黑素细胞增加可能作为食管恶性黑色素瘤的前体病变发挥重要作用。
