Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de León, Finca Marzanas, E-24346 Grulleros, León, Spain.
J Anim Sci. 2011 Apr;89(4):1153-62. doi: 10.2527/jas.2010-2977. Epub 2010 Dec 10.
Twenty-four Merino lambs (mean BW 15.4 ± 0.13 kg, 6 to 7 wk old) were used to study the effects of the addition of 0 (control), 100 (V10), and 200 (V20) g of vinasse per kilgram of concentrate on intake, animal performance, biochemical blood profile, and carcass and meat characteristics. Lambs were assigned to 1 of 3 experimental diets and fed barley straw and the corresponding concentrate ad libitum. When the animals reached 25 kg of BW, a sample of blood was taken and the lambs were slaughtered. Feed intake, growth rate, biochemical blood profile, and carcass and meat characteristics were assessed. Lambs that received the concentrates with vinasse showed a reduced concentrate intake (linear contrast, P = 0.029) and ADG (linear contrast, P = 0.004) and an increased length of fattening period (linear contrast, P = 0.002) as well as feed:gain ratio (linear contrast P = 0.011). Vinasse enhanced ruminal pH (orthogonal contrast control vs. V10 + V20; P = 0.007). Plasma glucose concentrations declined in lambs fed vinasse (linear contrast, P = 0.003), whereas plasma urea concentration increased in animals fed vinasse (linear contrast, P = 0.036). The plasma concentrations of creatinine, triglycerides, and lactate and the enzyme profile studied (alkaline phosphate, alanine transaminase, glutamate oxal-acetate transaminase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, and lactate dehydrogenase) were not modified in response to vinasse inclusion. Lambs in the vinasse groups had less Na(+) and nitrate and greater K(+) and nitrite plasma concentrations (linear contrasts, P < 0.05). None of the carcass characteristics studied was affected by vinasse (P > 0.10). Meat chemical composition and characteristics were unaffected (P > 0.10), but shear force was greater for lambs that received vinasse (orthogonal contrast, control vs. V10 + V20, P = 0.007). The addition of 100 or 200 g vinasse/kg of concentrate for fattening lambs reduced feed intake and growth rate and increased the feed:gain ratio and meat toughness without affecting any other carcass and meat characteristics.
二十四只美利奴羊（平均 BW 15.4 ± 0.13 kg，6 至 7 周龄）用于研究添加 0（对照）、100（V10）和 200（V20）克酒糟/千克浓缩物对摄入、动物性能、生化血液谱以及胴体和肉质特性的影响。羔羊被分配到 3 种实验日粮中的 1 种，并自由采食大麦秸秆和相应的浓缩物。当动物达到 25 kg BW 时，采集血液样本并进行屠宰。评估饲料摄入量、生长速度、生化血液谱以及胴体和肉质特性。饲喂含有酒糟的浓缩物的羔羊表现出减少的浓缩物摄入量（线性对比，P = 0.029）和 ADG（线性对比，P = 0.004）以及增加的育肥期（线性对比，P = 0.002）以及饲料：增重比（线性对比 P = 0.011）。酒糟提高了瘤胃 pH（正交对比对照与 V10 + V20；P = 0.007）。饲喂酒糟的羔羊血浆葡萄糖浓度下降（线性对比，P = 0.003），而饲喂酒糟的动物血浆尿素浓度升高（线性对比，P = 0.036）。研究的血浆肌酐、甘油三酯和乳酸浓度以及酶谱（碱性磷酸酶、丙氨酸转氨酶、谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶和乳酸脱氢酶）不因添加酒糟而改变。酒糟组的羔羊血浆中 Na(+)和硝酸盐较少，K(+)和亚硝酸盐较多（线性对比，P < 0.05）。研究的胴体特性没有受到酒糟的影响（P > 0.10）。肉质的化学成分和特性不受影响（P > 0.10），但饲喂酒糟的羔羊的剪切力较大（正交对比，对照与 V10 + V20，P = 0.007）。在育肥羔羊中添加 100 或 200 克酒糟/千克浓缩物会降低饲料摄入量和生长速度，增加饲料：增重比，并增加肉质的韧性，而不会影响其他任何胴体和肉质特性。
