Universität Tübingen, Botanisches Institut, Lehrstuhl Spezielle Botanik und Mykologie, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Mycologia. 2004 Nov-Dec;96(6):1316-29.
Tuberculina species are mitosporic parasites of rust fungi. It was demonstrated recently that Tuberculina represents the asexual life stage of the plant-parasitic genus Helicobasidium. Here we reveal the host specificities of Tuberculina and Helicobasidium species on rust fungal hosts by means of infection experiments and molecular analyses. We inoculated species of the rust genera Chrysomyxa, Coleosporium, Cronartium, Gymnosporangium, Puccinia, Tranzschelia and Uromyces with conidia and with basidiospores of Helicobasidium longisporum and H. purpureum and with conidia of Tuberculina maxima, T. persicina and T. sbrozzii. In addition we analyzed base sequences from the nuclear ITS region of 51 Tuberculina and Helicobasidium specimens collected in the field together with the sequences from the Tuberculina infections obtained by infection experiments. The resulting data show that at least six monophyletic lineages are within the Tuberculina/Helicobasidium-group that can be unambiguously distinguished by combining molecular and morphological characters and by specific host spectra of the Tuberculina-stage. This diversity opens up new vistas on the evolution of this exceptional mycoparasitic-phytoparasitic fungal group.
结核菌类是锈菌的有丝分裂寄生虫。最近的研究表明，结核菌类代表了植物寄生属 Helicobasidium 的无性生命阶段。在这里，我们通过感染实验和分子分析揭示了结核菌类和 Helicobasidium 物种在锈菌宿主上的宿主特异性。我们用分生孢子和 Helicobasidium longisporum 和 H. purpureum 的担孢子以及 Tuberculina maxima、T. persicina 和 T. sbrozzii 的分生孢子接种 Chrysomyxa、Coleosporium、Cronartium、Gymnosporangium、Puccinia、Tranzschelia 和 Uromyces 等锈菌属的物种。此外，我们分析了从野外采集的 51 个结核菌类和 Helicobasidium 标本的核 ITS 区的碱基序列，以及通过感染实验获得的结核菌类感染的序列。所得数据表明，在 Tuberculina/Helicobasidium 组内至少有六个单系谱系可以通过结合分子和形态特征以及结核菌类阶段的特定宿主谱来明确区分。这种多样性为这个特殊的菌寄生-植物寄生真菌群的进化开辟了新的前景。
