Botanical Institute, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2D, DK-1353 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Mycologia. 2003 Jul-Aug;95(4):603-13. doi: 10.1080/15572536.2004.11833064.
In this study we examine the distribution of Rhizopogon species in spore banks from five California pine forests. Four of the forest sites were discontinuous populations of Pinus muricata and a fifth was a Pinus ponderosa stand in Sierra National Forest. Rhizopogon species were retrieved by bioassaying the soils with pine seedlings followed by isolation of axenic cultures from individual root tips with typical Rhizopogon ectomycorrhizal morphology. The cultures were screened by ITS-RFLP and all unique patterns were sequenced. These sequences then were compared with those derived from identified sporocarp material. Bioassaying proved to be an efficient way to bring Rhizopogon species into culture. Approximately 50% of the pots contained ectomycorrhizal tips with Rhizopogon-like morphology, and axenic Rhizopogon cultures were obtained from half these pots. Our results showed that Rhizopogon spores usually are well distributed within local forest areas, while there is significant structuring of species at the regional scale. Spore longevity and homogenization by soil and water movement might explain their distribution within local forest areas, while the regional pattern might be explained by limited long distance dispersal or climatic and edaphic differences.
在这项研究中，我们研究了来自加利福尼亚州五个松林的孢子库中 Rhizopogon 物种的分布。这四个森林地点是 Pinus muricata 的不连续种群，第五个是 Sierra National Forest 中的 Pinus ponderosa 林分。通过用松树苗生物测定土壤，然后从单个根尖分离出具有典型 Rhizopogon 外生菌根形态的无菌培养物来回收 Rhizopogon 物种。通过 ITS-RFLP 对培养物进行筛选，并对所有独特的模式进行测序。然后将这些序列与从鉴定的子实体材料中获得的序列进行比较。生物测定被证明是将 Rhizopogon 物种带入培养的有效方法。大约 50%的盆中含有具有 Rhizopogon 样形态的外生菌根尖端，并且从这些盆中的一半中获得了无菌 Rhizopogon 培养物。我们的结果表明，Rhizopogon 孢子通常在当地森林地区内分布良好，而在区域尺度上存在着明显的物种结构。孢子的长寿性和土壤和水运动的均匀化可能解释了它们在当地森林地区的分布，而区域模式可能是由于有限的远距离扩散或气候和土壤差异造成的。
