Yoon Ji Hye, Suh Mee Kyung, Kim HyangHee
Graduate Program in Speech and Language Pathology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
Cogn Behav Neurol. 2010 Dec;23(4):247-55. doi: 10.1097/WNN.0b013e3181c2955e.
We investigated how changes in the writing of 14 Korean stroke patients reflect the unique features of the Korean writing system.
The Korean writing system, Han-geul, has both linguistic and visuospatial/constructive characteristics. In the visuospatial construction of a syllable, the component consonant(s) and vowel(s) must be arranged from top-to-bottom and/or left-to-right within the form of a square. This syllabic organization, unique to Korean writing, may distinguish dysgraphia in Korean patients from the disorder in other languages, and reveal the effects of stroke on visuospatial/constructive abilities.
We compared 2 groups of patients affected by stroke, 1 group with left hemisphere (LH) lesions and the other with right hemisphere (RH) lesions. We instructed them to write from a dictation of 90 monosyllabic stimuli, each presented with a real word cue. Patients had to repeat a target syllable and a word cue, and then to write the target syllable only.
Patients with LH and RH lesions produced qualitatively different error patterns. While the LH lesion group produced primarily linguistic errors, visuospatial/constructive errors predominated in the group with RH lesions. With regard to language-specific features, these Korean patients with RH lesions produced diverse visuospatial/constructive errors not commonly observed in dysgraphia of the English language.
Language-specific writing errors by Korean stroke patients reflect the unique characteristics of Korean writing, which include the arrangement of strokes and graphemes within a square syllabic form by dimensional and spatial rules. These findings support the notion that the Korean writing system possesses a language-specific nature with both linguistic and visuospatial/constructive processes. Distinctive patterns of dysgraphia in the Korean language also suggest interactivity between linguistic and visuospatial/constructive levels of processing. This study is noteworthy for its systematic description of Korean dysgraphia in the largest group of patients studied to date.
我们研究了14名韩国中风患者书写变化如何反映韩语书写系统的独特特征。
韩语书写系统韩文既具有语言特征，又具有视觉空间/建构特征。在音节的视觉空间建构中，组成的辅音和元音必须在一个正方形的形式内从上到下和/或从左到右排列。这种韩语书写特有的音节组织，可能会将韩国患者的书写障碍与其他语言的障碍区分开来，并揭示中风对视觉空间/建构能力的影响。
我们比较了两组中风患者，一组是左半球（LH）损伤患者，另一组是右半球（RH）损伤患者。我们要求他们听写90个单音节刺激词，每个刺激词都配有一个实词提示。患者必须重复目标音节和一个单词提示，然后只写出目标音节。
LH和RH损伤患者产生了质的不同的错误模式。虽然LH损伤组主要产生语言错误，但RH损伤组中视觉空间/建构错误占主导。关于特定语言特征，这些RH损伤的韩国患者产生了多种视觉空间/建构错误，这些错误在英语书写障碍中并不常见。
韩国中风患者特定语言的书写错误反映了韩语书写的独特特征，其中包括笔画和字素在正方形音节形式内按维度和空间规则的排列。这些发现支持了韩语书写系统具有语言特异性的性质，涉及语言和视觉空间/建构过程的观点。韩语中独特的书写障碍模式也表明了语言和视觉空间/建构加工水平之间的交互作用。这项研究因其对迄今为止研究的最大患者群体中的韩语书写障碍进行了系统描述而值得关注。
