抑郁症是“进化而来的”还是仅仅是“适应性的”？一则评论。
Is depression "evolutionary" or just "adaptive"? A comment.
作者信息
Sharpley Christopher F, Bitsika Vicki
机构信息
Brain & Behaviour Research Group, University of New England, New South Wales, P.O. Box 378, Coolangatta, Qld, 4225, Australia.
出版信息
Depress Res Treat. 2010;2010:631502. doi: 10.1155/2010/631502. Epub 2010 Mar 8.
Some recent explanations of depression have suggested that it may be "evolutionary" in that there are advantages to the depressed individual which arise from some aspects of depressive symptomatology. While the depressive behaviour of withdrawal from the adverse environment may provide some immediate benefits to the depressed individual, thus making it potentially "adaptive" in the short-term, this does not fit the biological definition of "evolutionary". In fact, depression does not meet two of the three required criteria from natural selection in order to be evolutionary. Therefore, while some depressive behaviour may be advantageous for the depressed individual, and is therefore "adaptive" in an immediate sense, it cannot be accurately described as "evolutionary". Implications for research and clinical practice are discussed.
近期一些关于抑郁症的解释表明，抑郁症可能具有“进化意义”，因为抑郁症患者的某些症状在某些方面会给患者带来好处。虽然从不利环境中退缩的抑郁行为可能会给抑郁症患者带来一些直接益处，从而使其在短期内具有潜在的“适应性”，但这并不符合“进化”的生物学定义。事实上，抑郁症不符合自然选择的三个必要标准中的两个，因此不能称之为具有进化意义。本文还讨论了其对研究和临床实践的启示。
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