Yarak Samira, Okamoto Oswaldo Keith
Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Brazil.
An Bras Dermatol. 2010 Sep-Oct;85(5):647-56. doi: 10.1590/s0365-05962010000500008.
Adult or somatic stem cells hold great promise for tissue regeneration. Currently, one major scientific interest is focused on the basic biology and clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells share similar characteristics with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, but have some advantages including harvesting through a less invasive surgical procedure. Moreover, adipose tissue-derived stem cells have the potential to differentiate into cells of mesodermal origin, such as adipocytes, cartilage, bone, and skeletal muscle, as well as cells of non-mesodermal lineage, such as hepatocytes, pancreatic endocrine cells, neurons, cardiomyocytes, and vascular endothelial cells. There are, however, inconsistencies in the scientific literature regarding methods for harvesting adipose tissue and for isolating, characterizing and handling adipose tissue-derived stem cells. Future clinical applications of adipose tissue-derived stem cells rely on more defined and widespread methods for obtaining cells of clinical grade quality. In this review, current methods in adipose tissue-derived stem cell research are discussed with emphasis on strategies designed for future applications in regenerative medicine and possible challenges along the way.
成体干细胞或体细胞干细胞在组织再生方面具有巨大潜力。目前，一个主要的科学研究兴趣集中在间充质干细胞的基础生物学和临床应用上。脂肪组织来源的干细胞与骨髓间充质干细胞具有相似的特征，但具有一些优势，包括通过侵入性较小的手术进行采集。此外，脂肪组织来源的干细胞有潜力分化为中胚层来源的细胞，如脂肪细胞、软骨、骨和骨骼肌，以及非中胚层谱系的细胞，如肝细胞、胰腺内分泌细胞、神经元、心肌细胞和血管内皮细胞。然而，关于脂肪组织的采集方法以及脂肪组织来源干细胞的分离、鉴定和处理，科学文献中存在不一致之处。脂肪组织来源干细胞未来的临床应用依赖于更明确和广泛应用的方法来获取临床级质量的细胞。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了脂肪组织来源干细胞研究的当前方法，重点是为再生医学未来应用设计的策略以及在此过程中可能面临的挑战。
