Elias K A, Weiner R I, Mellon S H
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco 94143.
DNA Cell Biol. 1990 Jun;9(5):369-75. doi: 10.1089/dna.1990.9.369.
The matrix upon which cells grow affects their morphology, growth rate, response to external stimuli, and protein synthesis. GH3 cells, a well-characterized rat pituitary tumor cell line, synthesize and secrete growth hormone and prolactin (Prl). These cells are rounded, attach loosely, and form clumps when plated on plastic. GH3 cells plated on an extracellular matrix (ECM) from bovine corneal endothelial cells become flattened and strongly adherent to the culture dish, and have an initial increased rate of proliferation. Cells cultured on plastic have a 48-hr lag period before the start of cell division; this can be shortened by increasing the concentration of serum in the medium. Since GH3 cells store little Prl, hormone release is a good index of Prl synthesis. Prl secretion from cells cultured on extracellular matrix is twice as great as from cells cultured on plastic. The increase in Prl secretion from cells grown on extracellular matrix paralleled by a concomitant increase in the accumulation of prolactin mRNA. Cells cultured on plastic secrete more Prl in response to TRH stimulation than do cells cultured on ECM. Cells grown on either surface were unresponsive to dopamine. Thus, culturing cells on ECM may change their morphology and affect the synthesis and regulation of specific cellular proteins and their mRNAs.
细胞生长所依赖的基质会影响其形态、生长速率、对外界刺激的反应以及蛋白质合成。GH3细胞是一种特征明确的大鼠垂体肿瘤细胞系，能合成并分泌生长激素和催乳素（Prl）。这些细胞呈圆形，附着松散，接种在塑料培养皿上时会形成细胞团。接种在牛角膜内皮细胞的细胞外基质（ECM）上的GH3细胞会变扁平，并牢固地附着在培养皿上，且初始增殖速率会提高。培养在塑料上的细胞在细胞分裂开始前有48小时的延迟期；增加培养基中血清的浓度可缩短该延迟期。由于GH3细胞储存的Prl很少，激素释放是Prl合成的良好指标。在细胞外基质上培养的细胞分泌的Prl是在塑料上培养的细胞的两倍。在细胞外基质上生长的细胞Prl分泌增加，同时催乳素mRNA的积累也相应增加。与在ECM上培养的细胞相比，在塑料上培养的细胞对TRH刺激分泌更多的Prl。在两种表面上生长的细胞对多巴胺均无反应。因此，在ECM上培养细胞可能会改变其形态，并影响特定细胞蛋白质及其mRNA的合成和调节。
