Orthopaedics and Trauma Unit, Department of Surgery, Valencia University Medical School, Avda Blasco Ibañez 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2011 Jul;111(7):1341-50. doi: 10.1007/s00421-010-1762-6. Epub 2010 Dec 10.
Activities of enzymes involved in muscle damage [creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)] and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker of oxidative stress were monitored in the plasma of 27 members of an America's Cup yachting crew. The preventive benefits of allopurinol on muscle damage were also tested. In racing period A, the crew was divided into two groups according to their tasks on board. Blood samples from all 27 sailors were obtained before the start of a 5-day fleet race, after the last race, and after the ten match races. In period B, crew members were divided at random into two groups. One group (13 participants) received 300 mg/day of allopurinol 3 h before racing. The other ten members received placebo. Blood samples were collected just before and after the second round of the Louis Vuitton Cup. All participants showed increased CK and AST activities after the racing period A. The increase in CK activity was highest in sailors involved in strenuous physical work. At the end of period A, plasma MDA levels were higher in all participants as compared with non-participant athletes. In period B, a significant decrease in CK activity, but not in AST, appeared among participants receiving allopurinol. Plasma MDA decreased in sailors treated with allopurinol, but this reduction did not reach statistical significance. America's Cup is a sailing sport with high physical demands, as shown by the increase in muscle-damage markers. Treatment with allopurinol appeared to decrease the levels of muscle damage markers.
监测了 27 名美洲杯帆船赛船员血浆中参与肌肉损伤的酶（肌酸激酶（CK）和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST））的活性和丙二醛（MDA）水平，这是氧化应激的标志物。还测试了别嘌呤醇对肌肉损伤的预防作用。在 A 赛段期间，根据船员在船上的任务将他们分为两组。在为期 5 天的船队比赛开始前、最后一场比赛后和 10 场比赛后，从所有 27 名水手身上采集了血样。在 B 赛段期间，船员随机分为两组。一组（13 名参与者）在比赛前 3 小时服用 300 毫克/天的别嘌呤醇。其他十名成员服用安慰剂。在路易威登杯第二轮比赛前后采集了血样。所有参与者在 A 赛段后 CK 和 AST 活性均增加。从事艰苦体力劳动的水手 CK 活性升高最高。在 A 赛段结束时，与非参赛运动员相比，所有参与者的血浆 MDA 水平均升高。在 B 赛段期间，服用别嘌呤醇的参与者 CK 活性显著下降，但 AST 活性没有下降。在服用别嘌呤醇的水手，血浆 MDA 下降，但未达到统计学意义。美洲杯是一项体力要求很高的帆船运动，这可以从肌肉损伤标志物的增加中看出。别嘌呤醇治疗似乎降低了肌肉损伤标志物的水平。
