CNRS-UMR 7637, Laboratoire de Neurobiologie, ESPCI ParisTech, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005, Paris, France.
Dev Neurobiol. 2011 Jan 1;71(1):34-44. doi: 10.1002/dneu.20810.
The concerted development of GABAergic interneurons and glutamatergic neurons is a key feature in the construction of the cerebral cortex. In contrast with glutamatergic neurons, GABAergic interneurons are heterogeneous differing by their axonal and dendritic morphologies, biochemical markers, connectivity, and physiology. Furthermore, interneurons have recently been shown to be generated in a variety of telencephalic structures (the ganglionic eminences, the entopeduncular and preoptic areas and the cortex). This review describes the origin, specification and differentiation of interneurons. These recent developmental studies may help to clarify the classification of mature interneurons. In particular recent studies, including our own, provide compelling evidences that most interneurons are specify after their last division in their region of origin before migration. The roles of target tissues in determining the final physiological properties of interneurons are also discussed.
GABA 能中间神经元和谷氨酸能神经元的协同发育是大脑皮层构建的一个关键特征。与谷氨酸能神经元不同，GABA 能中间神经元具有异质性，表现在其轴突和树突形态、生化标志物、连接和生理学上。此外，最近已经证明中间神经元在各种端脑结构（神经节隆起、豆状核和视前区以及皮质）中产生。本综述描述了中间神经元的起源、特化和分化。这些最近的发育研究可能有助于阐明成熟中间神经元的分类。特别是最近的研究，包括我们自己的研究，提供了令人信服的证据，表明大多数中间神经元在其起源区域的最后一次分裂后才特化，然后再迁移。还讨论了靶组织在决定中间神经元最终生理特性中的作用。
