Department of Medicine, Section of Geriatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
J Palliat Med. 2010 Dec;13(12):1477-84. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2010.0133.
Giving a Grand Rounds presentation provides the hospice and palliative medicine subspecialist with the occasion to participate in a time-honored and respected event. It remains an opportunity to promote the discipline, support institutional culture change, and favorably influence the attitudes, knowledge, skills, and performance of colleagues. For those pursuing academic careers, it also is a chance to establish academic currency and develop teaching and presentation skills. In most academic settings, the format of Grand Rounds has shifted over time from a patient and problem-based discussion to a didactic, topic-focused lecture. A body of literature questions the value of this shift toward a more passive learner. Limited evidence prevents a definitive answer but many advocate for the integration of more interactive methods to improve the effectiveness of Grand Rounds. This article provides a flexible framework to guide those preparing to give a Grand Rounds and those teaching and supporting others to do so. To do this well, adult learning principles must be thoughtfully incorporated into a presentation style and method appropriate to the venue. The approach emphasizes learner-centeredness, interactive strategies, and evaluation. Room for creativity exists at every step and can add enjoyment and challenge along the way.
进行大查房演示为临终关怀和姑息治疗专业人员提供了一个参与历史悠久且备受尊敬的活动的机会。这仍然是一个促进学科发展、支持机构文化变革、并对同事的态度、知识、技能和表现产生有利影响的机会。对于那些追求学术生涯的人来说，这也是建立学术地位和发展教学和演讲技能的机会。在大多数学术环境中，大查房的形式随着时间的推移已经从基于患者和问题的讨论转变为以教学为重点、以主题为中心的讲座。有大量文献质疑这种向更被动学习者转变的价值。有限的证据无法给出明确的答案，但许多人提倡整合更多互动方法来提高大查房的效果。本文提供了一个灵活的框架，指导那些准备进行大查房以及那些教授和支持他人进行大查房的人。为了做好这一点，必须将成人学习原则深思熟虑地融入到适合场地的演示风格和方法中。这种方法强调以学习者为中心、互动策略和评估。在每个步骤都有创造的空间，可以在整个过程中增加乐趣和挑战。
