Oncology Radiotherapy Department, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
Clin Transl Oncol. 2010 Dec;12(12):805-18. doi: 10.1007/s12094-010-0602-9.
The treatment of rectal cancer has evolved over the last few decades from surgery alone to treatments with trimodal therapy for high-risk patients. The involvement of a multidisciplinary team of radiologists, pathologists, surgeons, radiotherapists and medical oncologists is now fundamental for decision-making and outcomes. The evolution of different diagnostic and therapeutic techniques has optimised the therapeutic rate. Future studies will determine the optimal regimen for inducing complete responses in locally advanced disease and whether the intensification of local treatments could enable the use of more conservative treatments, as for other tumour locations. The study of biomarkers will be essential in this respect.
在过去的几十年中，直肠癌的治疗已经从单纯的手术发展到对高危患者采用多模式治疗。放射科医生、病理学家、外科医生、放射治疗师和肿瘤内科医生组成的多学科团队的参与，现在对于决策和结果至关重要。不同诊断和治疗技术的发展优化了治疗率。未来的研究将确定在局部晚期疾病中诱导完全缓解的最佳方案，以及局部治疗的强化是否能够使其他肿瘤部位那样，采用更保守的治疗方法。在这方面，生物标志物的研究将是必不可少的。
