Brooke Army Medical Center and the United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA.
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 Dec 15;92(18):2871-7. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.J.00225.
The ability to perform an emergency stop is essential for safe driving and can be represented by total brake-response time, reaction time, and braking time. Immobilization of the lower extremities is routinely performed for a variety of musculoskeletal conditions. This study sought to investigate the effect of immobilization with a left-foot driving adapter, a controlled-ankle-motion device, and a short leg cast on braking times. Our hypothesis was that there would be a significant difference in braking-time values between individuals utilizing a left-foot driving adapter or immobilization device and control individuals wearing normal footwear.
A prospective, observational study was conducted to assess the effect of the immobilization devices on braking times. A driving simulator was used to assess total brake-response time, reaction time, and braking time in thirty-five volunteers. Volunteers were assessed while (1) wearing normal footwear (control group), (2) wearing a controlled-ankle-motion boot, (3) wearing a removable short leg cast, and (4) employing a left-foot driving adapter.
The mean total brake-response time was significantly increased as compared with that of the control group in all three study groups. The mean reaction time was significantly increased for the short leg cast and controlled-ankle-motion groups as compared with reaction time in the control group. The mean braking time was significantly increased in the controlled-ankle-motion and left-foot driving-adapter groups as compared with braking time in the control group.
Total brake-response time while wearing a controlled-ankle-motion boot or a short leg cast or while utilizing a left-foot driving adapter is significantly increased, or worsened, as compared with the response time while wearing normal footwear. This information may prove valuable to physicians when counseling patients on when it may be safe to return to driving.
紧急停车能力对于安全驾驶至关重要，可以通过总制动反应时间、反应时间和制动时间来体现。为了治疗各种肌肉骨骼疾病，下肢通常需要固定。本研究旨在调查使用左脚驾驶适配器、可控踝动装置和短腿石膏固定对制动时间的影响。我们的假设是，使用左脚驾驶适配器或固定装置的个体与穿着正常鞋子的对照个体的制动时间值会有显著差异。
前瞻性观察研究评估了固定装置对制动时间的影响。驾驶模拟器用于评估 35 名志愿者的总制动反应时间、反应时间和制动时间。志愿者分别穿着正常鞋子（对照组）、可控踝动靴、可移动短腿石膏和左脚驾驶适配器进行评估。
与对照组相比，所有三组的总制动反应时间均显著增加。与对照组相比，短腿石膏和可控踝动装置组的平均反应时间显著增加。与对照组相比，可控踝动装置和左脚驾驶适配器组的平均制动时间显著增加。
与穿着正常鞋子时的反应时间相比，穿着可控踝动靴或短腿石膏或使用左脚驾驶适配器时，总制动反应时间会显著增加或恶化。这些信息可能对医生在为患者提供何时可以安全驾驶的咨询时有用。
