Anya N Milne, Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Postbus 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2010 Feb 15;2(2):59-64. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v2.i2.59.
There is by no means a clear-cut pattern of mutations contributing to gastric cancers, and gastric cancer research can be hampered by the diversity of factors that can induce gastric cancer, such as Helicobacter pylori infection, diet, ageing and other environmental factors. Tumours are unquestionably riddled with genetic changes yet we are faced with an unsolvable puzzle with respect to a temporal relationship. It is postulated that inherited genetic factors may be more important in early-onset gastric cancer (EOGC) than in gastric cancers found in older patients as they have less exposure to environmental carcinogens. EOGC, therefore, could provide a key to unravelling the genetic changes in gastric carcinogenesis. Gastric cancers occurring in young patients provide an ideal background on which to try and uncover the initiating stages of gastric carcinogenesis. This review summarizes the literature regarding EOGC and also presents evidence that these cancers have a unique molecular-genetic phenotype, distinct from conventional gastric cancer.
导致胃癌的突变模式绝非一清二楚，而胃癌研究可能会受到诸多因素的阻碍，这些因素包括幽门螺杆菌感染、饮食、衰老和其他环境因素。肿瘤无疑布满了遗传变化，但对于时间关系，我们面临着一个无法解决的难题。据推测，遗传性遗传因素在早发性胃癌 (EOGC) 中可能比在老年患者中发现的胃癌更为重要，因为它们接触环境致癌物的时间较少。因此，EOGC 可以为揭示胃癌发生过程中的遗传变化提供关键线索。发生在年轻患者中的胃癌为试图揭示胃癌发生的起始阶段提供了一个理想的背景。这篇综述总结了有关 EOGC 的文献，并提供了证据表明这些癌症具有独特的分子遗传表型，与传统胃癌不同。
