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在线责任:善意的撒玛利亚人和互联网调解的影响。

Online responsibility: bad samaritanism and the influence of internet mediation.

机构信息

Department of Philosophy, Delft University of Technology, Jaffalaan 5, 2628 BX Delft, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Sci Eng Ethics. 2012 Mar;18(1):117-41. doi: 10.1007/s11948-010-9253-z. Epub 2010 Dec 16.

Abstract

In 2008 a young man committed suicide while his webcam was running. 1,500 people apparently watched as the young man lay dying: when people finally made an effort to call the police, it was too late. This closely resembles the case of Kitty Genovese in 1964, where 39 neighbours supposedly watched an attacker assault and did not call until it was too late. This paper examines the role of internet mediation in cases where people may or may not have been good Samaritans and what their responsibilities were. The method is an intuitive one: intuitions on the various potentially morally relevant differences when it comes to responsibility between offline and online situations are examined. The number of onlookers, their physical nearness and their anonymity have no moral relevance when it comes to holding them responsible. Their perceived reality of the situation and ability to act do have an effect on whether we can hold people responsible, but this doesn't seem to be unique to internet mediation. However the way in which those factors are intrinsically connected to internet mediation does seem to have a diminishing effect on responsibility in online situations.

摘要

2008 年,一名年轻男子在网络摄像头开启的情况下自杀身亡。据报道,有 1500 人目睹了这名年轻人奄奄一息的过程:当人们最终试图报警时,已经为时过晚。这与 1964 年基蒂·珍诺维塞(Kitty Genovese)的案件非常相似,据说当时 39 名邻居目睹了一名袭击者的袭击行为,但直到为时过晚才报警。本文探讨了互联网调解在人们可能是或可能不是好心人情况下的作用,以及他们的责任是什么。研究方法是直观的:检验了在离线和在线情况下,与责任相关的各种潜在道德差异的直觉。旁观者的数量、他们的身体接近程度和匿名性在追究他们的责任方面没有道德意义。他们对情况的感知现实和行动能力确实会影响我们是否可以追究人们的责任,但这似乎并不是互联网调解所独有的。然而,这些因素与互联网调解的内在联系方式似乎会对在线情况下的责任产生递减效应。

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引用本文的文献

本文引用的文献

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The Kitty Genovese murder and the social psychology of helping: the parable of the 38 witnesses.
Am Psychol. 2007 Sep;62(6):555-62. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.62.6.555.
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The online disinhibition effect.网络去抑制效应。
Cyberpsychol Behav. 2004 Jun;7(3):321-6. doi: 10.1089/1094931041291295.
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The baiting crowd in episodes of threatened suicide.在有自杀威胁情节中的起哄人群。
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