University College of Gjøvik, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Am J Bioeth. 2010 Dec;10(12):3-11. doi: 10.1080/15265161.2010.528509.
Bariatric surgery is effective on short- and medium-term weight loss, reduction of comorbidities, and overall mortality. A large and increasing portion of the population is eligible for bariatric surgery, which increases instant health care costs. A review of the literature identifies a series of ethical challenges: unjust distribution of bariatric surgery, autonomy and informed consent, classification of obesity and selecting assessment endpoints, prejudice among health professionals, intervention in people's life-world, and medicalization of appearance. Bariatric surgery is particularly interesting because it uses surgical methods to modify healthy organs, is not curative, but offers symptoms relief for a condition that it is considered to result from lack of self-control and is subject to significant prejudice. Taking the reviewed ethical issues into account is important when meeting persons eligible for bariatric surgery, as well as in the assessment of and decision making on surgery for obesity.
减重手术在短期和中期减轻体重、减少合并症和总体死亡率方面效果显著。越来越多的人符合接受减重手术的条件，这增加了即时医疗保健成本。对文献的回顾确定了一系列伦理挑战：减重手术分配不公、自主权和知情同意、肥胖分类和选择评估终点、卫生专业人员的偏见、对人们生活世界的干预以及对外貌的医学化。减重手术特别有趣，因为它使用手术方法来改变健康的器官，不是治疗性的，但为一种被认为是由于缺乏自我控制而导致的疾病提供症状缓解，并且受到严重的偏见。在遇到有资格接受减重手术的人时，以及在评估和决定肥胖手术时，考虑到已审查的伦理问题非常重要。
