Mace Sharon E, Sharieff Ghazala, Bern Andrew, Benjamin Lee, Burbulys Dave, Johnson Ramon, Schreiber Merritt
Emergency Department, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Am J Disaster Med. 2010 Sep-Oct;5(5):261-74.
Although children and infants are likely to be victims in a disaster and are more vulnerable in a disaster than adults, disaster planning and management has often overlooked the specific needs of pediatric patients. We discuss key components of disaster planning and management for pediatric patients including emergency medical services, hospital/facility issues, evacuation centers, family separation/reunification, children with special healthcare needs, mental health issues, and overcrowding/surge capacity. Specific policy recommendations and an appendix with detailed practical information and algorithms are included. The first part of this three part series on pediatric issues in disaster management addresses the emergency medical system from the field to the hospital and surge capacity including the impact of crowding. The second part addresses the appropriate set up and functioning of evacuation centers and family separation and reunification. The third part deals with special patient populations: the special healthcare needs patient and mental health issues.
尽管儿童和婴儿在灾难中可能成为受害者，且在灾难中比成年人更易受到伤害，但灾难规划与管理往往忽视了儿科患者的特殊需求。我们讨论了针对儿科患者的灾难规划与管理的关键组成部分，包括紧急医疗服务、医院/设施问题、疏散中心、家庭分离/团聚、有特殊医疗需求的儿童、心理健康问题以及过度拥挤/应对能力。文中还包含了具体的政策建议以及一个附录，其中有详细的实用信息和算法。这个关于灾难管理中儿科问题的系列文章的第一部分，从现场到医院阐述了紧急医疗系统以及应对能力，包括拥挤的影响。第二部分论述了疏散中心的合理设置与运作以及家庭分离和团聚问题。第三部分涉及特殊患者群体：有特殊医疗需求的患者和心理健康问题。
