University of Oslo, Norway, Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Box 1130 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2010 Dec;35(6):816-25. doi: 10.1139/H10-080.
A previous finding that soft drink intake is associated with increased serum triglycerides and decreased high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, both components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), raises the question of whether other aspects of an unhealthy diet might be associated with MetS. Main MetS requirements are central obesity and 2 of the following: increased triglycerides, low HDL, increased systolic or diastolic blood pressure, and elevated fasting blood glucose. Of the 18 770 participants in the Oslo Health Study, there were 13 170 respondents (5997 men and 7173 women) with data on MetS factors (except fasting glucose) and on the components used to determine the Dietary Index score (calculated as the intake estimate of soft drinks divided by the sum of intake estimates of fruits and vegetables). MetSRisk was calculated as the sum of arbitrarily weighted factors positively associated with MetS divided by HDL cholesterol. Using regression analyses, the association of the Dietary Index with MetSRisk, with the number of MetS requirements present, and with the complete MetS was studied. In young, middle-aged, and senior men and women, there was, in general, a positive association (p < 0.001) between the Dietary Index and the MetS estimates, which persisted in regression models adjusted for sex, age, time since the last meal, intake of cheese, intake of fatty fish, intake of coffee, intake of alcohol, smoking, physical activity, education, and birthplace. Thus, an index reflecting a high intake of soft drinks and a low intake of fruit and vegetables was positively and independently associated with aspects of MetS.
先前的研究发现，软饮料的摄入与血清甘油三酯升高和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇降低有关，而这两者都是代谢综合征（MetS）的组成部分，这引发了一个问题，即不健康饮食的其他方面是否与 MetS 有关。MetS 的主要要求是中心性肥胖和以下两个方面中的两个：甘油三酯升高、HDL 降低、收缩压或舒张压升高以及空腹血糖升高。在奥斯陆健康研究的 18770 名参与者中，有 13170 名应答者（5997 名男性和 7173 名女性）有关于 MetS 因素（除了空腹血糖）和用于确定饮食指数评分的组成部分的数据（计算为软饮料的摄入量估计值除以水果和蔬菜的摄入量估计值之和）。MetSRisk 被计算为与 MetS 呈正相关的任意加权因素的总和除以 HDL 胆固醇。使用回归分析，研究了饮食指数与 MetSRisk、存在的 MetS 要求数量以及完整的 MetS 的关系。在年轻、中年和老年男性和女性中，饮食指数与 MetS 估计值之间通常存在正相关（p<0.001），这种相关性在调整性别、年龄、上次进餐时间、奶酪摄入量、高脂肪鱼类摄入量、咖啡摄入量、酒精摄入量、吸烟、身体活动、教育程度和出生地后仍然存在于回归模型中。因此，反映高软饮料摄入量和低水果和蔬菜摄入量的指数与 MetS 的各个方面呈正相关且独立相关。
