[Subcranial approach. Technical aspects and application in craneofacial traumatic pathology].

UNLABELLED

INTRODUCTION. Suitable approach to anterior cranial base is mandatory to get global satisfactory surgical outcomes. In the beginning it depends on the exactly anatomical position into the cranial fossa and tridimensional spread. Surgical approach implies the evaluation of the patient status, reconstructive options and surgical team experience. Subcranial approach is a safe surgical option in the treatment of frontal traumatic pathology. It allows adequate management of frontal sinus and its obliteration with easy radiologic follow-up. OBJECTIVES. To analyse subcranial approach as a treatment option in traumatic pathology of the anterior cranial base and to present our review of subcranial approach. Valuation of surgical technical aspects. and related complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Retrospective analysis of 50 patients operated (subcranial approach) from January 2004 to December 2009 by Maxillofacial and Neurosurgery Department, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid. 34 patients presented craniofacial trauma or postraumatic sequela and 16 patients presented craniofacial tumours. Oncological cases offers experience to discuss surgical aspects. Results are related to traumatic pathology and sequela. Main items review were surgical technique including materials used for frontal sinus obliteration, associated traumatic pathology, hospital stay and complication rates. RESULTS. No perioperatory mortality was found. Patients´ age ranged 15-76 years. 22 were male and 12 female. Description of frontal fractures involved. Frontal sinus obliteration was made with calvarian bone dust. Morbidity rates was 29% in posttraumatic patients. Mean hospital stay was 13 days.

CONCLUSIONS

Subcranial approach to anterior cranial base is a safe and reliable treatment option to the pathology of this area. It allows outstanding exposure of the nasal cavity, orbits, ethmoidal cells-sphenoid sinus and great access to anterior fossa without frontal lobe retraction.