Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa 91, Porto, Portugal.
Int J Sports Med. 2011 Mar;32(3):195-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1268474. Epub 2010 Dec 16.
The aim of this study was to assess critical velocity in order to control and evaluate anaerobic swimming training. 51 highly trained male swimmers performed maximal 15, 25, 37.5 and 50 m in the 4 swimming techniques to determine critical velocity from the distance-time relationship. Anaerobic critical velocity was compared with 100 m swimming performance and corresponding partials. Complementarily, 9 swimmers performed a 6×50 m (4 min interval) training series at front crawl individual anaerobic critical velocity, capillary blood lactate concentrations being assessed after each repetition. The mean±SD values of anaerobic critical velocity and its relationship with the 100 m event were: 1.61±0.07 (r=0.60, p=0.037), 1.53±0.05 (r=0.81, p=0.015), 1.33±0.05 (r=0.83, p=0.002), and 1.75±0.05 (r=0.74, p=0.001), for butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke and front crawl, respectively. However, differences between anaerobic critical velocity and performance were observed (with exception of the second half of the 100 m swimming events in breaststroke and butterfly). Lactate concentration values at the end of the series were 14.52±1.06 mmol.l (-1), which suggests that it was indeed an anaerobic training set. In this sense, anaerobic critical velocity can be used to prescribe anaerobic training intensities.
本研究旨在评估临界速度，以控制和评估无氧游泳训练。51 名受过高度训练的男性游泳运动员分别采用 4 种泳姿完成最大距离 15、25、37.5 和 50 米的测试，以从距离-时间关系中确定临界速度。将无氧临界速度与 100 米游泳成绩和相应的部分进行比较。此外，9 名游泳运动员以个人无氧临界速度完成 6×50 米（4 分钟间隔）训练系列，在每次重复后评估毛细血管血乳酸浓度。无氧临界速度的平均值±标准差及其与 100 米项目的关系为：1.61±0.07（r=0.60，p=0.037），1.53±0.05（r=0.81，p=0.015），1.33±0.05（r=0.83，p=0.002）和 1.75±0.05（r=0.74，p=0.001），分别对应蝶泳、仰泳、蛙泳和自由泳。然而，在泳姿中观察到无氧临界速度和表现之间存在差异（除了蛙泳和蝶泳的 100 米游泳项目的后半部分）。系列结束时的乳酸浓度值为 14.52±1.06mmol.l（-1），这表明这确实是一组无氧训练。在这个意义上，无氧临界速度可用于规定无氧训练强度。
