American Art Resources, 3260 Sul Ross, Houston, TX, USA.
HERD. 2009 Summer;2(4):46-61. doi: 10.1177/193758670900200403.
To determine the stated art preferences of pediatric patients through an art survey and determine whether preferences vary, with different age groups associated with different stages of cognitive development.
Exposure to visual art has been shown to have an impact on improved health and satisfaction outcomes. However, there is little literature on the effect of art on pediatric patients. While designing pediatric wards, a common assumption is to use fantasy and Disney-like themes; but research across all age groups on whether children prefer these themes is limited.
A survey including 20 images with a variety of subject matter and styles was administered to 64 pediatric inpatients (ages 5-17) at Memorial Hermann Hospital in Houston, TX. Children were asked to rate the selection of, and their emotional response to, the images in the survey. Qualitative comments were recorded. Results were analyzed for each of the three age groups (5-6, 7-10, and 11-17 years) according to Piaget's developmental stages, as well as across all age groups.
There were significant differences in art preferences across the different age groups, especially with respect to child art (art created by children). Overall, the results for 5-10-year-olds were more significant than those for 11-17-year-olds (adolescents). Nature elements were preferred across all age groups, but all nature images were not rated similarly. Images that were bright and colorful were rated better than images that were pale. The presence of a strong context that children could associate with was a defining feature of preferred images. Content drove preference more than style, though color was a key determinant. Comments on the artwork tended to be more objective/absolute for the youngest patients and more subjective/relative for the oldest.
The combination of bright colors, engaging themes, and nature content is consistently highly rated by pediatric patients. However, pediatric preferences vary significantly among the three operational stages, so one should be careful before using the "one-size-fits-all" approach. Child art, typically used in pediatric wards, is better suited for younger children than for older children.
通过艺术调查确定儿科患者的既定艺术偏好，并确定偏好是否因与认知发展不同阶段相关的不同年龄组而有所不同。
已经证明，接触视觉艺术对改善健康和满意度结果有影响。但是，关于艺术对儿科患者的影响的文献很少。在设计儿科病房时，通常的假设是使用幻想和迪士尼式主题；但是，关于儿童是否喜欢这些主题的研究在所有年龄段都很有限。
在休斯顿纪念赫尔曼医院（Memorial Hermann Hospital）向 64 名儿科住院患者（年龄在 5-17 岁）进行了一项包括 20 张图像的调查，这些图像具有各种主题和风格。要求孩子们对调查中的图像进行选择并对其情感反应进行评分。记录了定性意见。根据皮亚杰的发展阶段，以及在所有年龄段，对每个三个年龄组（5-6、7-10 和 11-17 岁）的结果进行了分析。
不同年龄组之间的艺术偏好存在显著差异，尤其是儿童艺术（儿童创作的艺术）方面。总体而言，5-10 岁年龄段的结果比 11-17 岁年龄段（青少年）更为显著。所有年龄段都更喜欢自然元素，但并非所有自然图像的评价都相似。色彩鲜艳的图像比颜色暗淡的图像评价更高。存在儿童可以联想到的强烈背景是首选图像的定义特征。内容比风格更能驱动偏好，尽管颜色是关键决定因素。对艺术品的评论往往对于最小的患者更为客观/绝对，对于最大的患者更为主观/相对。
明亮的色彩、引人入胜的主题和自然内容的组合始终受到儿科患者的高度评价。但是，儿科患者的偏好在三个操作阶段之间存在很大差异，因此在使用“一刀切”的方法之前应谨慎。儿科病房中通常使用的儿童艺术更适合年幼的孩子，而不太适合年长的孩子。
