Chen Wei-Dong, Wang Yan-Dong, Meng Zhipeng, Zhang Lisheng, Huang Wendong
Division of Gene Regulation & Drug Discovery, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 Aug;1812(8):888-92. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2010.12.006. Epub 2010 Dec 15.
The liver can fully regenerate itself by a compensatory regrowth in response to partial hepatectomy or injury. This process consists of a variety of well-orchestrated phases and is mediated by many signals. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors. Bile acids are FXR physiological ligands. As a metabolic regulator, FXR plays key roles in regulating metabolism of bile acids, lipids and glucose. Recently, bile acid/FXR signaling pathway is shown to be required for normal liver regeneration. Furthermore, FXR promotes liver repair after injury and activation of FXR is able to alleviate age-related defective liver regeneration. These novel findings suggest that FXR-mediated bile acid signaling is an integrated component of normal liver regeneration machinery, and also highlight the potential use of FXR ligands to promote liver regeneration after segmental liver transplantation or resection of liver tumors. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Translating nuclear receptors from health to disease.
肝脏能够通过代偿性再生对部分肝切除术或损伤做出反应，从而实现完全自我再生。这个过程由一系列精心编排的阶段组成，并由多种信号介导。法尼酯X受体（FXR）是配体激活转录因子的核激素受体超家族的成员。胆汁酸是FXR的生理性配体。作为一种代谢调节因子，FXR在调节胆汁酸、脂质和葡萄糖代谢中起关键作用。最近，胆汁酸/FXR信号通路被证明是正常肝脏再生所必需的。此外，FXR促进损伤后的肝脏修复，FXR的激活能够减轻与年龄相关的肝脏再生缺陷。这些新发现表明，FXR介导的胆汁酸信号是正常肝脏再生机制的一个组成部分，也突出了FXR配体在促进节段性肝移植或肝肿瘤切除术后肝脏再生方面的潜在用途。本文是名为：将核受体从健康转化为疾病的特刊的一部分。
