School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2011 Sep-Oct;26(5):392-6. doi: 10.1097/HTR.0b013e3181f8fd34.
To determine whether visible markers of brain injury shape people's causal attributions for the behaviors of the person with the injury and their expectations that those behaviors will persist for 5 years.
Experimental scenarios described an adolescent boy with a brain injury (pictured either with or without a head scar) who showed 4 behavior changes relating to sleep, anger, self-confidence, and motivation.
Victoria University of Wellington.
University student volunteers (N = 249).
For each behavior, ratings of attributions to either the brain injury or to adolescence and estimates that the behaviors would persist for 5 years.
Attributions to brain injury correlated with expectations that the behaviors would persist. Participants attributed the behaviors more to the brain injury than to adolescence in the scar condition but not in the no-scar condition.
Visible markers of brain injury such as scars are spurious markers of severity that shape attributions for actions of persons with the injury and expectations that problematic behaviors will persist. The results inform strategies for correcting misunderstandings about brain injury and enhancing rehabilitation.
确定脑损伤的明显标志是否会影响人们对伤者行为的因果归因，并影响他们对这些行为持续 5 年的预期。
实验场景描述了一个患有脑损伤的青少年男孩（有或没有头部疤痕的照片），他表现出 4 种与睡眠、愤怒、自信和动力相关的行为变化。
惠灵顿维多利亚大学。
大学学生志愿者（N=249）。
对于每种行为，对归因于脑损伤或青春期的评分，以及对这些行为将持续 5 年的估计。
归因于脑损伤与对行为持续的预期相关。在有疤痕的情况下，参与者将行为更多地归因于脑损伤而不是青春期，但在没有疤痕的情况下则不是。
脑损伤的明显标志，如疤痕，是严重程度的虚假标志，会影响对伤者行为的归因，并影响对问题行为持续存在的预期。研究结果为纠正对脑损伤的误解和加强康复提供了策略。
