Institute for Integrative Psychotherapy and Counselling, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Psychiatr Danub. 2010 Dec;22(4):498-508.
In the article the author presents a model of interpersonal relationships based on integration of object relations theory and theory of attachment. He proposes three main bipolar dimensions of interpersonal relationships: Independence - Dependence, Connectedness - Alienation and Reciprocity - Self-absorption. The author also proposes that it is important to distinguish between two main types of adult interpersonal relationships: object and subject relations. Object relations describe relationships in which the other person is perceived as an object that serves the satisfaction of the first person's needs. Object relations are a manifestation of the right pole of the three main dimensions of interpersonal relationships (Dependence, Alienation and Self-absorption). Subject relations are a counter-pole to the concept of object relations. They describe relationships with other people who are experienced as subjects with their own wishes, interests and needs. Subject relations are a manifestation of the left pole of the main dimensions (Independence, Connectedness and Reciprocity). In this article the author specifically focuses on definitions of object relations in adulthood through a description of six sub-dimensions of object relations: Symbiotic Merging, Separation Anxiety, Social Isolation, Fear of Engulfment, Egocentrism and Narcissism. Every sub-dimension is described in connection to adaptive and pathological functioning. Further research is needed to test the clinical and scientific validity of the model.
本文作者提出了一种基于客体关系理论和依恋理论整合的人际关系模型。他提出了人际关系的三个主要的两极维度：独立-依赖、联系-异化和互惠-自我吸收。作者还提出，区分两种主要的成人人际关系类型很重要：客体关系和主体关系。客体关系描述的是，他人被视为满足第一人称需求的客体的关系。客体关系是人际关系三个主要维度（依赖、异化和自我吸收）中右极的表现。主体关系是客体关系概念的对立面。它们描述了与他人的关系，这些人被体验为具有自己的愿望、兴趣和需求的主体。主体关系是人际关系主要维度（独立、联系和互惠）中左极的表现。在本文中，作者特别通过描述客体关系的六个子维度：共生融合、分离焦虑、社会孤立、吞噬恐惧、自我中心和自恋，来关注成人客体关系的定义。每个子维度都与适应性和病理性功能联系在一起进行描述。需要进一步的研究来检验该模型的临床和科学有效性。
