Karak Tanmoy, Bhattacharyya Pradip
Pollution Control Board, Guwahati-21, Assam, India.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2010 Dec 14;10:2314-29. doi: 10.1100/tsw.2010.220.
The risks of heavy metal accumulation and the dynamics related to roadside pond sediment application in comparison to control of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were investigated in field experiments. Selective sequential extraction procedures revealed that application of pond sediment in soil increases the labile pools of the studied heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn). Risk assessment codes concluded that Cu and Pb were in the high-risk zone in both pond sediment and soil amended with pond sediment, whereas Zn and Cu were found in the medium-risk zone for control soil. Heavy metal accumulation by wheat straw and grain (39.38, 1.18, 23.73, 0.36, 0.18, and 16.8 mg kg⁻¹ for Zn, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, and Pb, respectively, for wheat grain) was significantly increased through application of pond sediment. However, metal accumulation did not thwart the enhancement of wheat yield when pond sediment was applied. Health risk indexes of analyzed heavy metals were found to be within the Indian permissible limit for foodstuffs. Pond sediments help to fortify wheat grain by increasing the concentration of Zn and Cu as a source of micronutrients in the diet. However, a significant increase of Pb in wheat grain through pond sediment could be a health concern for its long-term application. Therefore, pond sediment would be a valuable resource for agriculture as an alternative organic supplement, but long-term use may require the cessation of the excavated sediment as agricultural landfill in order to restrict heavy metal contamination through it.
通过田间试验，研究了与冬小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）对照相比，路边池塘沉积物应用中重金属积累的风险及其动态变化。选择性连续提取程序表明，在土壤中施用池塘沉积物会增加所研究重金属（镉、铬、铜、镍、铅和锌）的不稳定态库。风险评估代码显示，池塘沉积物和施用了池塘沉积物的土壤中的铜和铅处于高风险区，而对照土壤中的锌和铜处于中风险区。通过施用池塘沉积物，小麦秸秆和籽粒中的重金属积累（小麦籽粒中锌、镉、铜、铬、镍和铅的积累量分别为39.38、1.18、23.73、0.36、0.18和16.8 mg kg⁻¹）显著增加。然而，施用池塘沉积物时，金属积累并未阻碍小麦产量的提高。所分析重金属的健康风险指数在印度食品允许限量范围内。池塘沉积物有助于通过增加饮食中锌和铜作为微量营养素来源的浓度来强化小麦籽粒。然而，通过池塘沉积物导致小麦籽粒中铅的显著增加可能是其长期应用中的一个健康问题。因此，池塘沉积物作为一种替代有机补充物，对农业来说将是一种宝贵的资源，但长期使用可能需要停止将挖掘出的沉积物作为农业填埋物，以限制通过它造成的重金属污染。
