Urbanek R
Universitäts-Kinderklinik, Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany.
Lung. 1990;168 Suppl:263-7. doi: 10.1007/BF02718141.
An increased prevalence of sensitization to inhalants in asthmatic children is well known. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness is regarded as a major characteristic of bronchial asthma and is partly acquired during life as a result of a permanent airway irritation to inhaled allergens. We investigated 704 schoolchildren of two different climate areas for existing bronchial hyperreactivity (cumulative carbachol test) and sensitization to ten common aeroallergens (by skin prick test). Additional information on residential factors, passive smoking, and clinical symptoms for asthma was obtained by a standardized interview and compared with the clinical results. Among 35 of 704 children who were considered as asthmatics, 83% demonstrated a sensitization to one or more allergens. On the contrary, only one third of the nonasthmatic population (n = 669) showed sensitization in the skin test. The relative risk for allergy in children with bronchial hyperreactivity was increased (odds ratio 3.0). Therefore we regard sensitization to common inhalants as an important predictor of asthma in childhood.
哮喘儿童对吸入性过敏原致敏的患病率增加是众所周知的。支气管高反应性被视为支气管哮喘的主要特征，部分是在生命过程中由于对吸入性过敏原的持续性气道刺激而获得的。我们对来自两个不同气候地区的704名学童进行了调查，检测他们是否存在支气管高反应性（累积卡巴胆碱试验）以及对十种常见气传过敏原的致敏情况（通过皮肤点刺试验）。通过标准化访谈获取了关于居住因素、被动吸烟和哮喘临床症状的额外信息，并与临床结果进行了比较。在704名被视为哮喘患者的儿童中，有35名，其中83%对一种或多种过敏原致敏。相反，在非哮喘人群（n = 669）中，只有三分之一的人在皮肤试验中显示致敏。支气管高反应性儿童发生过敏的相对风险增加（比值比为3.0）。因此，我们认为对常见吸入性过敏原的致敏是儿童哮喘的一个重要预测指标。
