Department of Behavioral Sciences, Fitchburg State University, Fitchburg, MA 01420-2697, USA.
J Fam Psychol. 2010 Dec;24(6):731-9. doi: 10.1037/a0021760.
Parents have the potential to protect against adolescent sexual risk, including early sexual behavior, inconsistent condom use, and outcomes such as pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Identification of the specific parenting dimensions associated with sexual risk in adolescence and young adulthood is necessary to inform and focus prevention efforts. The current study examined the relation of proximal (e.g., discussions of sexual costs) and distal (e.g., parental involvement, relationship quality) parenting variables with concurrent and longitudinal adolescent sexual behavior. The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) provided a nationally representative sample with information about the family using adolescent and parent informants. Longitudinal information about sexual risk included adolescent condom use and adolescent sexual initiation, as well as young adult unintended pregnancy, reports of STIs, and biological assay results for three STIs. Higher parent-adolescent relationship quality was associated with lower levels of adolescent unprotected intercourse and intercourse initiation. Better relationship quality was also associated with lower levels of young adult STIs, even when accounting for prior sexual activity. Unexpectedly, more parent reports of communication regarding the risks associated with sexual activity were negatively associated with condom use and greater likelihood of sexual initiation. These results demonstrate that parents play an important role, both positive and negative, in sexual behavior, which extends to young adulthood, and underscores the value of family interventions in sexual risk prevention.
父母有潜力预防青少年的性风险，包括早期性行为、避孕套使用不一致以及怀孕和性传播感染（STIs）等后果。确定与青少年和年轻成人的性风险相关的具体父母维度对于提供信息和集中预防工作至关重要。本研究考察了近端（例如，讨论性成本）和远端（例如，父母参与度、关系质量）父母变量与青少年性行为的同期和纵向关系。国家青少年健康纵向研究（Add Health）利用青少年和父母报告者为信息来源，提供了具有全国代表性的家庭样本。关于性风险的纵向信息包括青少年的避孕套使用和性行为开始，以及年轻成人的意外怀孕、性传播感染报告和三种性传播感染的生物检测结果。青少年与父母的关系质量越高，青少年无保护性行为和性行为开始的频率越低。即使考虑到之前的性行为，更好的关系质量也与较低的年轻成人性传播感染率相关。出乎意料的是，父母对与性活动相关的风险进行沟通的报告越多，与避孕套使用和更大的性行为开始几率呈负相关。这些结果表明，父母在性行为中扮演着重要的角色，无论是积极的还是消极的，这种影响延伸到年轻成人时期，突显了家庭干预在性风险预防中的价值。
