Department of Neurology, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2011 Apr;11(2):195-204. doi: 10.1007/s11910-010-0170-y.
Refractory status epilepticus (RSE) is characterized by a prolonged seizure that persists despite adequate initial management. RSE accounts for almost one quarter of all status epilepticus and carries significant risk for morbidity and mortality. Treatment varies widely between institutions regarding medication choice, dose, and monitoring. Several agents including nonanesthetic antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), anesthetic AEDs, enteral AEDs, and other therapies have been used in RSE. We review the current treatment strategies for RSE, focusing on patient selection, monitoring, optimal dosing and administration of medications, efficacy, adverse effects, and treatment duration.
难治性癫痫持续状态（RSE）的特征是初始治疗充分但仍持续存在的长时间发作。RSE 占所有癫痫持续状态的近四分之一，具有显著的发病率和死亡率风险。在药物选择、剂量和监测方面，RSE 的治疗方法在各机构之间存在很大差异。几种药物包括非麻醉性抗癫痫药物（AEDs）、麻醉性 AEDs、肠内 AEDs 和其他疗法已用于 RSE。我们回顾了 RSE 的当前治疗策略，重点关注患者选择、监测、药物的最佳剂量和给药、疗效、不良反应和治疗持续时间。
