Wilbrink M, Treskes M, De Vlieger T A, Vermeulen N P
Department of Pharmacochemistry (Molecular Toxicology), Free University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1990 Jul-Aug;19(4):565-71. doi: 10.1007/BF01059076.
Pond snails (Lymnaea stagnalis (L.)) were treated with 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl (DCB) or 4,4'-DCB, to examine the toxicokinetic profile of these compounds. Snails were treated orally with 210 micrograms 4,4'-DCB (impregnated on food) for 14 hr, or snails were injected with 50 micrograms of 2,2'-DCB or 4,4'-DCB in the foot. At different times after starting feeding or injection, tissues (albumen gland, digestive gland and digestive tube, central nervous system, remainder parts), hemolymph and faeces were analyzed for unchanged 2,2'- or 4,4'-DCB. The results showed that in case of oral administration of 4,4'-DCB after 144 hr, 97.5% of the dose was excreted unchanged in the faeces. During the first 48 hr 4,4'-DCB was found in all tissues. Thereafter, an exponential elimination was found (the rate constant of elimination (kel) varied from 0.010-0.021 per hr, t1/2 from 33-60 hr and the apparent clearance from 0.02-0.3 g/hr for the different tissues). After injection, the compounds were found in all the above mentioned tissues, especially in the digestive gland. There was a clear difference between snails injected with 2,2'- and 4,4'-DCB. Firstly, kel for 2,2'-DCB was higher (0.028 per hr vs 4,4'-DCB: 0.001 per hr). Secondly, 2,2'-DCB was lethal; 63% of the animals died after 72 hr.
用2,2'-二氯联苯（DCB）或4,4'-DCB处理椎实螺（Lymnaea stagnalis (L.)），以研究这些化合物的毒代动力学特征。给螺口服210微克4,4'-DCB（浸渍在食物上），持续14小时，或者在足部给螺注射50微克2,2'-DCB或4,4'-DCB。在开始喂食或注射后的不同时间，分析组织（蛋白腺、消化腺和消化道、中枢神经系统、其余部分）、血淋巴和粪便中未变化的2,2'-或4,4'-DCB。结果表明，口服4,4'-DCB 144小时后，97.5%的剂量以未变化的形式排泄到粪便中。在最初的48小时内，在所有组织中都发现了4,4'-DCB。此后，发现呈指数消除（不同组织的消除速率常数（kel）为每小时0.010 - 0.021，半衰期为33 - 60小时，表观清除率为每小时0.02 - 0.3克）。注射后，在上述所有组织中都发现了这些化合物，尤其是在消化腺中。注射2,2'-DCB和4,4'-DCB的螺之间存在明显差异。首先，2,2'-DCB的kel较高（每小时0.028，而4,4'-DCB为每小时0.001）。其次，2,2'-DCB具有致死性；72小时后63%的动物死亡。
