Tong Meng, Pan Shi-Xiu, Wang Xiang-Wei, An Tan-Hong, Feng Jin-Chao, Meng Xiu-Xiang
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
Dongwuxue Yanjiu. 2010 Dec;31(6):610-6. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1141.2010.06610.
During July and August from 2006 to 2008, summer habitat selection was studied in Alpine musk deer (Moschus sifanicus) in Xinglongshan National Natural Reserve in northwestern China. In total, seventy one musk deer utilized habitat plots and 246 random habitat plots were surveyed. Seventeen habitat characteristics were recorded and compared between the two habitat types, using Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square to compare the differences between utilized and random habitat plots, and principal component analysis (PCA) to determine the main factors influencing the habitat selection of musk deer. Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square was conducted to test whether there was significant difference between utilized and random plots. The results showed that musk deer prefers habitat with taller arbor height (7.57 +/- 0.83 ) m, higher food-plants abundance (12.97 +/- 1.80), increasing foliage cover for concealment, lower water dispersion, and higher anthropogenic disturbance. Furthermore, PCA results suggested that the arbor characteristics (arbor canopy and arbor DBH), altitude characteristic, food characteristics (ground-plant cover and food-plant abundance) and shrub characteristics (shrub canopy, shrub height and related arbor density) influence summer habitat selection patterns of alpine musk deer in Xinglongshan National Nature Reserve. The general pattern of summer habitat utilization and selection of alpine musk deer is an adaptive strategy to the changing food, concealment, water source and the physical condition of summer habitat.
2006年至2008年的7月和8月期间，对中国西北部兴隆山国家级自然保护区的马麝（Moschus sifanicus）夏季栖息地选择进行了研究。总共调查了71个马麝利用的栖息地样地和246个随机栖息地样地。记录了17个栖息地特征，并在两种栖息地类型之间进行比较，使用曼-惠特尼U检验和卡方检验来比较利用的栖息地样地和随机栖息地样地之间的差异，并通过主成分分析（PCA）来确定影响马麝栖息地选择的主要因素。进行曼-惠特尼U检验和卡方检验以测试利用的样地和随机样地之间是否存在显著差异。结果表明，马麝更喜欢乔木高度较高（7.57±0.83）米、食源植物丰富度较高（12.97±1.80）、有更多用于隐蔽的树叶覆盖、水分散布较低以及人为干扰较高的栖息地。此外，主成分分析结果表明，乔木特征（乔木冠层和乔木胸径）、海拔特征、食物特征（地面植物覆盖和食源植物丰富度）和灌木特征（灌木冠层、灌木高度和相关乔木密度）影响兴隆山国家级自然保护区马麝的夏季栖息地选择模式。马麝夏季栖息地利用和选择的总体模式是对夏季栖息地食物、隐蔽、水源和物理条件变化的一种适应性策略。
