Institute for Experimental Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Rostock, Schillingallee 69a, 18055 Rostock, Germany.
World J Gastroenterol. 2010 Dec 28;16(48):6046-57. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i48.6046.
The interest in the liver dates back to ancient times when it was considered to be the seat of life processes. The liver is indeed essential to life, not only due to its complex functions in biosynthesis, metabolism and clearance, but also its dramatic role as the blood volume reservoir. Among parenchymal organs, blood flow to the liver is unique due to the dual supply from the portal vein and the hepatic artery. Knowledge of the mutual communication of both the hepatic artery and the portal vein is essential to understand hepatic physiology and pathophysiology. To distinguish the individual importance of each of these inflows in normal and abnormal states is still a challenging task and the subject of ongoing research. A central mechanism that controls and allows constancy of hepatic blood flow is the hepatic arterial buffer response. The current paper reviews the relevance of this intimate hepatic blood flow regulatory system in health and disease. We exclusively focus on the endogenous interrelationship between the hepatic arterial and portal venous inflow circuits in liver resection and transplantation, as well as inflammatory and chronic liver diseases. We do not consider the hepatic microvascular anatomy, as this has been the subject of another recent review.
人们对肝脏的兴趣可以追溯到古代，当时它被认为是生命过程的所在地。肝脏对生命确实至关重要，不仅因为它在生物合成、代谢和清除方面具有复杂的功能，还因为它在作为血液容量储库方面的巨大作用。在实质器官中，由于门静脉和肝动脉的双重供应，肝脏的血流量是独特的。了解肝动脉和门静脉的相互交流对于理解肝脏的生理学和病理生理学至关重要。区分这些流入在正常和异常状态下的各自重要性仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务，也是正在进行的研究的主题。控制和维持肝血流量恒定的一个核心机制是肝动脉缓冲反应。本文回顾了这一密切的肝血流调节系统在健康和疾病中的相关性。我们专门关注肝切除术和肝移植、炎症和慢性肝病中肝动脉和门静脉流入回路之间的内在相互关系。我们不考虑肝微血管解剖结构，因为这是另一篇最近的综述的主题。
