Ekman S
Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala.
Zentralbl Veterinarmed A. 1990 Jun;37(5):379-91. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.1990.tb00919.x.
Lesions in the cervical spine of 28 young horses (Standardbred Trotters and Swedish Warmbloods), killed because of longstanding or severe ataxia, are described. The material consists of all horses with ataxia available for necropsy and presented to the large animal clinic of the School of Veterinary Medicine, Uppsala and the Animal Hospital in Helsingborg during 1981 through 1983. After a clinical and radiographic examination, including myelography in all but 2 cases, the horses were killed and necropsy was performed. The cases were divided into three categories based on the radiographic and pathological findings. 1. Static Cervical Compressive Myelopathy (SCM): There were three causes of the stenosis, locked, flexed position of cervical vertebrae, arthropathy of the intervertebral joints, and epidural cyst in the cervical spinal canal. 2. Dynamic Cervical Compressive Myelopathy (DCM) was diagnosed when the myelogram showed stenosis when the horse's neck was in a flexed position. No stenosis was observed in neutral position, or when the neck was extended. 3. Cervical Myelopathy (CM): In this category neither static nor dynamic stenosis was observed, but histologic evidence of spinal cord degeneration was seen. The fact that all the horses were young, suggests that a disturbance of normal growth of the cervical vertebrae is involved in the aetiology.
本文描述了28匹年轻马匹（标准赛马和瑞典温血马）颈椎病变情况，这些马因长期或严重共济失调而被处死。研究材料包括1981年至1983年间所有可供尸检且出现共济失调症状的马匹，它们被送至乌普萨拉兽医学院大型动物诊所及赫尔辛堡动物医院。在进行临床和放射学检查（除2例以外均包括脊髓造影）后，这些马被处死并进行尸检。根据放射学和病理学检查结果，病例被分为三类。1. 静态颈椎压迫性脊髓病（SCM）：狭窄的原因有三种，颈椎处于锁定、屈曲位置，椎间关节病，以及颈椎椎管内硬膜囊肿。2. 动态颈椎压迫性脊髓病（DCM）：当马的颈部处于屈曲位置时脊髓造影显示狭窄，而在中立位或颈部伸展时未观察到狭窄，则诊断为动态颈椎压迫性脊髓病。3. 颈椎脊髓病（CM）：在此类别中，未观察到静态或动态狭窄，但可见脊髓变性的组织学证据。所有马匹均为年轻马这一事实表明，颈椎正常生长紊乱与病因有关。
