Department of Geology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
Environ Pollut. 2011 Mar;159(3):754-61. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.11.028. Epub 2010 Dec 22.
An urban soil chronosequence in downtown Detroit, MI was studied to determine the effects of time on pedogenesis and heavy metal sequestration. The soils developed in fill derived from mixed sandy and clayey diamicton parent materials on a level late Pleistocene lakebed plain under grass vegetation in a humid-temperate (mesic) climate. The chronosequence is comprised of soils in vacant lots (12 and 44 years old) and parks (96 and 120 years old), all located within 100 m of a roadway. An A-horizon 16 cm thick with 2% organic matter has developed after only 12 years of pedogenesis. The 12 year-old soil shows accelerated weathering of iron (e.g. nails) and cement artifacts attributed to corrosion by excess soluble salts of uncertain origin. Carbonate and Fe-oxide are immobilizing agents for heavy metals, hence it is recommended that drywall, plaster, cement and iron artifacts be left in soils at brownfield sites for their ameliorating effects.
在密歇根州底特律市中心，对一个城市土壤时间序列进行了研究，以确定时间对成土作用和重金属固定的影响。这些土壤是在一个潮湿温带（湿润）气候下，由混合沙质和粘土质冰碛母质形成的填充物发育而成的，位于一个平坦的更新世晚期湖底平原上，上面生长着草地植被。时间序列由空地（12 年和 44 年）和公园（96 年和 120 年）中的土壤组成，所有这些土壤都位于距道路 100 米范围内。经过 12 年的成土作用，仅形成了厚 16 厘米、有机质含量为 2%的 A 层。12 年生土壤显示出铁（例如钉子）和水泥制品的加速风化，这归因于来源不明的过量可溶性盐的腐蚀。碳酸盐和氧化铁是重金属的固定剂，因此建议在棕地场地中保留石膏板、灰泥、水泥和铁器，以发挥其改良作用。
