Department of General Medicine and Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Paediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Monash Children’s Hospital,Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2011 Jan;30(1 Suppl):S25-9. doi: 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181fefdee.
: Rotavirus vaccines were introduced into the funded Australian National Immunization Program (NIP) in July 2007. Due to purchasing arrangements, individual states and territories chose either a 2-dose RV1 (Rotarix, GSK) regimen or 3-dose RV5 (Rotateq, Merck/CSL) regimen. This allowed comparison of both vaccines in similar populations with high infant vaccination coverage.
: Admission and rotavirus identification data from the major pediatric hospitals in 3 states (2 using RV5, 1 RV1), together with state-based hospitalization and vaccination data from Queensland (RV5) were analyzed for the years before, and up to 30 months following rotavirus vaccine introduction. Emergency encounters and short-stay unit admissions for gastroenteritis are also described.
: Rotavirus vaccine coverage in Australia is high, with 87% of infants receiving at least 1 dose. Hospital admissions for both rotavirus gastroenteritis and nonrotavirus-coded gastroenteritis were reduced following vaccine introduction in all states, not only for the age group eligible for NIP rotavirus vaccination, but also for children born prior. RV5 vaccine efficacy in Queensland has been estimated at 89.3%. Marked reductions in acute gastroenteritis emergency presentations and short-stay unit admissions have also been observed.
: Early evidence from the NIP in Australia has demonstrated high rotavirus coverage with both RV1 and RV5. The introduction of both vaccines has been associated with a marked reduction in gastroenteritis admissions, supportive of both direct vaccine protection, as well as with indirect herd protection.
轮状病毒疫苗于 2007 年 7 月被纳入澳大利亚国家免疫计划（NIP）。由于采购安排，各个州和地区选择了 2 剂 RV1（Rotarix，GSK）方案或 3 剂 RV5（Rotateq，默克/CSL）方案。这使得在高婴儿疫苗接种率的相似人群中可以比较两种疫苗。
对 3 个州（2 个使用 RV5，1 个使用 RV1）的主要儿科医院的入院和轮状病毒鉴定数据，以及昆士兰州（RV5）的州级住院和疫苗接种数据，在轮状病毒疫苗接种前和接种后 30 个月进行了分析。还描述了急诊和短期住院病房因胃肠炎而入院的情况。
澳大利亚的轮状病毒疫苗接种率很高，有 87%的婴儿至少接种了 1 剂。所有州的轮状病毒胃肠炎和非轮状病毒编码胃肠炎的住院人数在疫苗接种后均有所减少，不仅是 NIP 轮状病毒疫苗接种的适龄组，而且也包括之前出生的儿童。昆士兰州已估计 RV5 疫苗的有效性为 89.3%。还观察到急性胃肠炎急诊就诊和短期住院病房入院人数的显著减少。
澳大利亚 NIP 的早期证据表明，RV1 和 RV5 的轮状病毒覆盖率都很高。两种疫苗的引入都与胃肠炎入院人数的显著减少有关，这既支持疫苗的直接保护作用，也支持间接的群体保护作用。
