Apovian C M, McMahon M M, Bistrian B R
New England Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215.
Crit Care Med. 1990 Sep;18(9):1030-3. doi: 10.1097/00003246-199009000-00021.
Nutritional support of the malnourished patient can be lifesaving. However, the efficacy of total parenteral nutrition in this setting depends on: a) careful estimation of energy requirements, using the Harris-Benedict equation or indirect calorimetry; b) minimizing the fluid retention which invariably complicates refeeding in marasmus; c) adequate repletion of P, K, and Mg on a daily basis; and d) accurate assessment of the rate of weight regain.
对营养不良患者的营养支持可能会挽救生命。然而，在这种情况下，全胃肠外营养的疗效取决于：a）使用哈里斯-本尼迪克特方程或间接测热法仔细估算能量需求；b）尽量减少液体潴留，液体潴留总是会使消瘦患者的再喂养变得复杂；c）每天充分补充磷、钾和镁；d）准确评估体重恢复率。
