Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
J Subst Abuse Treat. 2011 Apr;40(3):215-23. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2010.11.002. Epub 2010 Dec 24.
A range of innovative computer-based interventions for psychiatric disorders have been developed and are promising for drug use disorders due to reduced cost and greater availability compared to traditional treatment. Electronic searches were conducted from 1966 to November 19, 2009, using MEDLINE, Psychlit, and EMBASE. Four hundred sixty-eight nonduplicate records were identified. Two reviewers classified abstracts for study inclusion, resulting in 12 studies of moderate quality. Eleven studies were pilot or full-scale trials compared to a control condition. Interventions showed high acceptability despite substantial variation in type and amount of treatment. Compared to treatment-as-usual, computer-based interventions led to less substance use and higher motivation to change, better retention, and greater knowledge of presented information. Computer-based interventions for drug use disorders have the potential to dramatically expand and alter the landscape of treatment. Evaluation of Internet- and telephone-based delivery that allows for treatment-on-demand in patients' own environment is needed.
已经开发出了一系列创新性的基于计算机的精神障碍干预措施，由于与传统治疗相比成本更低、可及性更高，因此对于药物使用障碍也具有很大的应用前景。电子检索从 1966 年至 2009 年 11 月 19 日进行，使用了 MEDLINE、Psychlit 和 EMBASE。共确定了 468 份非重复记录。两名审查员对摘要进行了分类，以确定研究是否纳入，最终有 12 项研究质量中等。11 项研究是与对照条件相比的试点或全面试验。尽管治疗的类型和数量存在很大差异，但干预措施的接受程度仍然很高。与常规治疗相比，基于计算机的干预措施可减少物质使用，提高改变的动机，提高保留率，并增加对所提供信息的了解。用于药物使用障碍的计算机干预措施有可能极大地扩展和改变治疗领域。需要评估允许在患者自己的环境中按需治疗的互联网和电话式的治疗模式。
