Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Veterinaerstrasse 2, 85762, Oberschleissheim, Germany.
Parasitol Res. 2011 Apr;108(4):1063-7. doi: 10.1007/s00436-010-2196-0. Epub 2010 Dec 29.
The nematode Capillaria plica is an ubiquitous parasite of the urinary tract of Canidae and Felidae. It causes a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms, ranging from asymptomatic infections to urinary bladder inflammation, pollacisuria, dysuria, and hematuria. Foxes serve as reservoir hosts and are considered to be a potential source of infection for companion and hunting dogs as well as domestic cats which acquire the infection by ingestion of earthworms which are the intermediate hosts. Despite its importance, epidemiological studies on this parasite are scarce and almost entirely lacking altogether for Central Europe. Therefore, we examined 116 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) for the infection of C. plica by pathologic examination of the urinary bladders and microscopy of mucosal smears and urine sediments. The parasite was detected in 90 (78%; 95% CI, 68.9-84.8%) of the foxes, originating from all administrative districts of Bavaria (Southern Germany). Since Bavaria is characterized by a high number of forests and wildlife sanctuaries that provide ideal living conditions for foxes, the corresponding risk of infection of companion and hunting dogs by oral ingestion of earthworms as the intermediate hosts can likewise not be excluded. Because of the scarcity of reports on prevalences of C. plica worldwide, we also include a brief review of the available literature.
旋毛线虫是犬科和猫科动物尿路中无处不在的寄生虫。它引起广泛的临床症状，从无症状感染到膀胱炎、尿频、排尿困难和血尿。狐狸是该寄生虫的储存宿主，被认为是伴侣犬和猎犬以及家猫的潜在感染源，这些动物通过摄入作为中间宿主的蚯蚓而感染该寄生虫。尽管旋毛线虫很重要，但对这种寄生虫的流行病学研究很少，几乎完全没有针对中欧地区的研究。因此，我们通过对膀胱进行病理检查和对黏膜涂片和尿液沉淀物进行显微镜检查，检查了 116 只红狐（ Vulpes vulpes ）是否感染旋毛线虫。在 90 只（78%；95%置信区间，68.9-84.8%）狐狸中检测到了该寄生虫，这些狐狸来自巴伐利亚（德国南部）的所有行政区。由于巴伐利亚有大量的森林和野生动物保护区，为狐狸提供了理想的生活条件，因此不能排除伴侣犬和猎犬通过摄入作为中间宿主的蚯蚓而感染旋毛线虫的风险。由于全球范围内关于旋毛线虫流行率的报告很少，我们还简要回顾了现有文献。
