National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
Pediatrics. 2011 Feb;127(2):238-45. doi: 10.1542/peds.2010-0962. Epub 2011 Jan 3.
To describe the effect of the mature 1-dose varicella vaccination program on varicella morbidity, we analyzed 2 national databases for varicella-related hospitalizations in the United States since implementation of the varicella vaccination program in 1995.
Data from the National Hospital Discharge Survey and Nationwide Inpatient Sample were analyzed to describe trends in varicella-related hospitalizations during the 1-dose vaccination era (2000-2006) compared with those in the prevaccination era (1988-1995). Varicella-related hospitalizations were defined by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes. Results were extrapolated to represent national estimates.
Using National Hospital Discharge Survey data, 24,488 varicella-related hospitalizations were estimated to occur in the United States during the 1-dose vaccination era. The varicella-related hospitalization rate was 0.12 per 10,000 population during the 1-dose vaccination era versus 0.42 per 10,000 population in the prevaccination era (P < .01). During the 1-dose vaccination era, the estimated annual average number of varicella-related hospitalizations was significantly lower and decreased by ≥ 65% in all age groups compared with those in the prevaccination era (P < .001 in all age groups). The varicella-related hospitalization rate during the 1-dose vaccination era estimated from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample was 0.09 per 10,000 population.
Varicella-related hospitalization numbers and rates declined significantly during the 1-dose varicella vaccination era. Assuming declines in varicella-related hospitalizations are due, mainly, to the routine childhood varicella vaccination program, these data suggest that varicella vaccination prevented ∼ 50,000 varicella-related hospitalizations in the United States from 2000 to 2006.
为了描述成熟的 1 剂次水痘疫苗接种计划对水痘发病率的影响，我们分析了自 1995 年水痘疫苗接种计划实施以来，美国 2 个全国性水痘相关住院数据库。
利用国家住院调查和全国住院样本数据，描述了 1 剂次疫苗接种时代（2000-2006 年）与疫苗接种前时代（1988-1995 年）相比水痘相关住院的趋势。水痘相关住院通过使用国际疾病分类第九修订版代码进行定义。结果被推断为代表全国估计值。
使用国家住院调查数据，估计美国在 1 剂次疫苗接种时代发生了 24488 例水痘相关住院。在 1 剂次疫苗接种时代，水痘相关住院率为每 10000 人 0.12 例，而在疫苗接种前时代为每 10000 人 0.42 例（P <.01）。在 1 剂次疫苗接种时代，与疫苗接种前时代相比，所有年龄段的水痘相关住院人数估计每年平均显著下降，降幅≥65%（所有年龄段 P <.001）。从全国住院样本中估计的 1 剂次疫苗接种时代水痘相关住院率为每 10000 人 0.09 例。
在 1 剂次水痘疫苗接种时代，水痘相关住院人数和比率显著下降。假设水痘相关住院的下降主要归因于常规儿童水痘疫苗接种计划，这些数据表明，2000 年至 2006 年期间，水痘疫苗接种在美国预防了约 50000 例水痘相关住院。
