Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Hoppe-Seyler Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2011 Apr;118(4):579-85. doi: 10.1007/s00702-010-0553-x. Epub 2011 Jan 6.
As both risk and premotor markers are increasingly discussed to play a key role in the pre-diagnostic phase of Parkinson's disease (PD) the aim of this study was to determine the relation between the risk factors hyperechogenicity of the substantia nigra (SN+) and/or positive family history of PD (faPD+) and putative premotor markers for PD. In a cross-sectional analysis of data of the PRIPS cohort, 1,149 volunteers older than 50 years free of PD were included. In addition to the risk factors SN+ and faPD+, olfactory dysfunction was tested using the Sniffin' sticks test and motor examination was performed. History of depression and constipation was evaluated by a semi-structured interview. Of all 1,149 individuals, 880 had none of the risk markers (76.6%), 143 persons (12.4%) had SN+, 84 (7.3%) were classified as faPD+ and 42 (3.7%) persons had both risk factors. Volunteers with SN+ showed olfactory dysfunction and mild motor impairment (p ≤ 0.001) more often. Depression was more prominent in individuals having two risk factors (p = 0.05). An accumulation of premotor markers was seen in the SN+ group with or without concomitant faPD+, but not in persons with faPD+ only. The profile of premotor markers seems to differ in participants having SN+ and/or faPD+, with SN+ showing the overall highest association with most premotor markers, which implies that SN+ might be a strong indicator for a neurodegenerative process.
由于风险和运动前标志物越来越被认为在帕金森病 (PD) 的预诊断阶段发挥关键作用，本研究旨在确定黑质超声回声增高 (SN+) 和/或 PD 阳性家族史 (faPD+) 等风险因素与 PD 的潜在运动前标志物之间的关系。在 PRIPS 队列的横断面数据分析中，纳入了 1149 名年龄大于 50 岁且无 PD 的志愿者。除了风险因素 SN+和 faPD+外，还使用 Sniffin' sticks 测试检测嗅觉功能障碍，进行运动检查。通过半结构化访谈评估抑郁和便秘史。在所有 1149 名个体中，880 名无任何风险标志物（76.6%），143 名（12.4%）有 SN+，84 名（7.3%）被归类为 faPD+，42 名（3.7%）有两个风险因素。有 SN+的志愿者更常出现嗅觉功能障碍和轻度运动障碍（p≤0.001）。有两个风险因素的个体中抑郁更为明显（p=0.05）。在有或没有并发 faPD+的 SN+组中观察到运动前标志物的累积，但在只有 faPD+的个体中没有。具有 SN+和/或 faPD+的参与者的运动前标志物特征似乎不同，SN+与大多数运动前标志物的总体关联最高，这意味着 SN+可能是神经退行性过程的强烈指标。
