McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, One Stewart Street, Room 313, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2011 Mar;20(3):438-48. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-1153. Epub 2011 Jan 6.
Case-control studies conducted in North America, Europe, and Asia provided evidence of increased lung cancer risk due to radon in homes. Here, the association between residential radon and lung cancer mortality was examined in a large-scale cohort study.
Nearly 1.2 million Cancer Prevention Study-II participants were recruited in 1982. Mean county-level residential radon concentrations were linked to study participants according to ZIP code information at enrollment [mean (SD)=53.5 Bq/m3 (38.0)]. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to obtain adjusted HR and 95% CI for lung cancer mortality associated with radon. Potential effect modification by cigarette smoking, ambient sulfate concentrations, and other risk factors was assessed on both the additive and multiplicative scales.
Through 1988, 3,493 lung cancer deaths were observed among 811,961 participants included in the analysis. A significant positive linear trend was observed between categories of radon concentrations and lung cancer mortality (P=0.02). A 15% (95% CI, 1-31) increase in the risk of lung cancer mortality was observed per 100 Bq/m3 increase in radon. Participants with mean radon concentrations above the EPA guideline value (148 Bq/m3) experienced a 34% (95% CI, 7-68) increase in risk for lung cancer mortality relative to those below the guideline value.
This large prospective study showed positive associations between ecological indicators of residential radon and lung cancer.
These results further support efforts to reduce radon concentrations in homes to the lowest possible level.
在北美、欧洲和亚洲进行的病例对照研究提供了证据，表明家中的氡会增加肺癌风险。在这里，通过一项大规模的队列研究，研究了住宅氡与肺癌死亡率之间的关系。
1982 年招募了近 120 万名癌症预防研究-II 参与者。根据登记时的邮政编码信息，将平均县级住宅氡浓度与研究参与者联系起来[平均值（SD）=53.5 Bq/m3（38.0）]。使用 Cox 比例风险回归模型获得与氡相关的肺癌死亡率的调整 HR 和 95%CI。在加性和乘法尺度上评估了吸烟、环境硫酸盐浓度和其他危险因素的潜在效应修饰作用。
截至 1988 年，在包括在分析中的 811961 名参与者中观察到 3493 例肺癌死亡。在氡浓度类别与肺癌死亡率之间观察到显著的正线性趋势（P=0.02）。每增加 100 Bq/m3 的氡，肺癌死亡率的风险增加 15%（95%CI，1-31）。与低于指南值的参与者相比，平均氡浓度高于 EPA 指南值（148 Bq/m3）的参与者肺癌死亡率的风险增加了 34%（95%CI，7-68）。
这项大型前瞻性研究表明住宅氡的生态指标与肺癌之间存在正相关。
这些结果进一步支持努力将家庭氡浓度降低到尽可能低的水平。
