Suchý Pavel, Straková Eva, Herzig Ivan, Staňa Jaroslav, Kalusová Renata, Pospíchalová Markéta
Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
Interdiscip Toxicol. 2009 Jun;2(2):55-9. doi: 10.2478/v10102-009-0010-6.
From the toxicological point of view, in the last two years melamine and cyanuric acid have become matters of great interest. These substances, especially melamine, have been abused during food and feed adulteration by increasing the content of nitrogen compounds in these products. Melamine and cyanuric acid as individual substances do not pose any serious risk in terms of toxicology. From the point of view of toxicology, it is especially the complex of melamine with cyanuric acid that is important. This complex, also known as the melamine-cyanurate complex, is a cause of human and animal health problems. In this work we present two examples of the incidence of melamine and cyanuric acid in two feed products originating from China. They were rice and the pea concentrates intended for animal nutrition. Protein concentrates can be the main risk factor for food chain contamination with melamine and cyanuric acid, especially those of unknown origin. Feed with a high content of nitrogen compounds and low content of aminoacids can be regarded as particularly suspicious. A comparison of results for determining nitrogen compounds and amines can be used as proof of adulteration of protein feeds. These feeds must be subjected to further analysis to determine melamine and cyanuric acid.
从毒理学角度来看，在过去两年里，三聚氰胺和氰尿酸已成为备受关注的物质。这些物质，尤其是三聚氰胺，在食品和饲料掺假过程中被滥用，以增加这些产品中氮化合物的含量。三聚氰胺和氰尿酸作为单一物质，在毒理学方面并不构成任何严重风险。从毒理学角度来看，特别重要的是三聚氰胺与氰尿酸的复合物。这种复合物，也被称为三聚氰胺 - 氰尿酸复合物，是导致人类和动物健康问题的原因。在这项工作中，我们展示了源自中国的两种饲料产品中三聚氰胺和氰尿酸出现情况的两个例子。它们是大米和用于动物营养的豌豆浓缩物。蛋白质浓缩物可能是三聚氰胺和氰尿酸污染食物链的主要风险因素，尤其是那些来源不明的产品。氮化合物含量高而氨基酸含量低的饲料可被视为特别可疑。测定氮化合物和胺类的结果比较可作为蛋白质饲料掺假的证据。这些饲料必须进行进一步分析以确定三聚氰胺和氰尿酸。
