Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Switzerland.
Nat Rev Genet. 2011 Feb;12(2):123-35. doi: 10.1038/nrg2932. Epub 2011 Jan 11.
Recent transcriptome analyses show that substantial proportions of eukaryotic genomes can be copied into RNAs, many of which do not encode protein sequences. However, cells have developed mechanisms to control and counteract the high transcriptional activity of RNA polymerases in order to achieve cell-specific gene activity or to prevent the expression of deleterious sequences. Here we compare how two silencing modes - the Polycomb system and heterochromatin - are targeted, established and maintained at different chromosomal locations and how DNA-binding proteins and non-coding RNAs connect these epigenetically stable and heritable structures to the sequence information of the DNA.
最近的转录组分析表明，大量真核基因组可以被复制成 RNA，其中许多 RNA 不编码蛋白质序列。然而，细胞已经发展出了控制和抵消 RNA 聚合酶高转录活性的机制，以实现细胞特异性基因活性或防止有害序列的表达。在这里，我们比较了两种沉默模式——多梳系统和异染色质——如何在不同的染色体位置被靶向、建立和维持，以及 DNA 结合蛋白和非编码 RNA 如何将这些具有稳定的表观遗传和可遗传性的结构与 DNA 的序列信息联系起来。
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